Surveillance of Pesticide-Related Illness and Injury in Humans

Calvert, Geoffrey M.; SANDERSON, W; Barnett, Margot; Blondell, Jerome M.; Mehler, Louise

doi:10.1016/b978-012426260-7/50030-6

Cited by 23 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Misclassification and lack of validation of medical outcome can occur. [5][6][7] It should be acknowledged that only acute effects, not chronic effects, were considered in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute hazards to young children from residential pesticide exposures

Spann

Blondell²,

Hunting³

2000

Am J Public Health

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OBJECTIVES: This study assessed acute hazards to young children from pesticides toxic enough to require child-resistant packaging. METHODS: The names of pesticides meeting acute toxicity criteria were ascertained from the Environmental Protection Agency. Poison Control Center reports identified children younger than 6 years who were exposed to these pesticides. Toxicity category, medical outcome, sex, and age were examined. RESULTS: A higher proportion of children with exposure to the more toxic products had serious medical outcomes. Children 2 years and younger were the predominant age group exposed. CONCLUSIONS: Protective measures--substituting less lethal pesticides, reducing the concentration of the active ingredients, and improving packaging and storage--are recommended.

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“…Misclassification and lack of validation of medical outcome can occur. [5][6][7] It should be acknowledged that only acute effects, not chronic effects, were considered in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute hazards to young children from residential pesticide exposures

Spann

Blondell²,

Hunting³

2000

Am J Public Health

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“…California is the only state that conducts surveillance on acute disinfectant-related illness. The greatest number (60-75%) of cases comes from workers' compensation reports reviewed at the California Bureau of Labor Statistics, with physicians' reports (required since 1971) providing most of the remainder (Calvert et al 2001).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Identification of cases in TESS relies on the experience and judgment of the PCCs specialist managing the specific case to determine whether the case has signs and symptoms consistent with the toxicology, dose, and timing of the disinfectant exposure, because there are no standardized criteria used to make this determination. The CDPR case definition has been described (Calvert et al 2001). Briefly, CDPR requires that the onset of new adverse health effects be temporally related to the disinfectant exposure and that the health effects be consistent with known toxicology of the disinfectant from commonly available toxicology and epidemiology texts and reports.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute occupational disinfectant-related illness among youth, 1993-1998.

Brevard

Calvert

Blondell

et al. 2003

Environ Health Perspect

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Working youths face many safety and health risks. Among these risks are those posed by disinfectant exposures. In this study we describe acute occupational disinfectant-related illness among youth. Data on U.S. children younger than 18 years with acute occupational disinfectant-related illnesses between 1993 and 1998 were collected from the Toxic Exposure Surveillance System and from the California Department of Pesticide Regulation. We analyzed data from persons with exposures who met the case definition for acute occupational disinfectant-related illness. The case definition required onset of new adverse health effects that were both temporally related to a disinfectant exposure and consistent with the known toxicology of the disinfectant. We calculated incidence rates of acute occupational disinfectant-related illness among youths 15-17 years old and incidence rate ratios to compare these rates with those of adults 25-44 years old. We found 307 children with disinfectant-related illnesses. The average annual incidence rate was 16.8/billion hours worked with a relative risk compared with adults of 4.14 (95% confidence interval, 3.66-4.68). Most illnesses were of mild severity (78%). There were no fatalities. Hypochlorites (e.g., bleach) were responsible for 45% of the illnesses. Among the 206 cases where the responsible disinfectant's U.S. Environmental Protection Agency toxicity category was known, 80% were in category I (highest toxicity level). These findings suggest the need for greater efforts to prevent adolescent acute occupational disinfectant-related illness. This may require strengthening regulations and enforcement as well as increased educational efforts directed at employers, youths, parents, school officials, and physicians. Better mechanisms for reporting and tracking chemical illnesses among working adolescents are also needed.

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“…Tracking the associated health effects of pesticides can help ensure that no pesticides pose an unreasonable burden (8). Using surveillance data collected between 1998 and 2015, CDC documented illness and injury for four different pesticides (9-11).…”

Section: Acute Nonoccupational and Occupational Pesticide-related Illmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Legislation, regulations, or other rules in those jurisdictions require health care providers, hospitals, laboratories, and others to provide information on reportable conditions to public health authorities or their agents. The list of reportable conditions in each jurisdiction varies over time Although the sources of data for nationally notifiable infectious diseases and for nationally notifiable noninfectious conditions and disease outbreaks are the same (i.e., local, state, and territorial jurisdictions' data on reportable conditions) and have the same general purpose (i.e., monitoring and responding to the condition to improve population health), a number of differences should be considered when comparing findings across conditions and by time, location, and demographic characteristic (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Under-reporting of noninfectious conditions and disease outbreaks to local and state health departments occurs, and the completeness of reporting, and therefore of notifications to CDC, varies by condition (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%