Surveillance of congenital rubella in Great Britain, 1971-96

Tookey, P; Peckham, Catherine

doi:10.1136/bmj.318.7186.769

Cited by 74 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…2 % (parous) and 2 % (nulliparous) [9]. Rubella vaccination of teenage girls was discontinued in 1996 and replaced by a second dose of MMR for pre-school children aged 4-5 years [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An audit of rubella IgG antibody status in antenatal women in a NHS Trust over 5 years (2005–2009)

et al. 2010

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“…2 % (parous) and 2 % (nulliparous) [9]. Rubella vaccination of teenage girls was discontinued in 1996 and replaced by a second dose of MMR for pre-school children aged 4-5 years [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An audit of rubella IgG antibody status in antenatal women in a NHS Trust over 5 years (2005–2009)

et al. 2010

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“…Screening programs for pregnant woman are now available in various Western countries (9,16). Most recently, hepatitis B has been added to the screening program since hepatitis B vaccination (passive and active) of the newborn can actually prevent transmission from a HBsAg-positive mother to her child (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Immulite with Vidas for Detection of Infection in a Low-Prevalence Population of Pregnant Women in The Netherlands

Vlaspolder

Singer

Smit

et al. 2001

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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A comparative evaluation of the Vidas system (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) and the Immulite System (Diagnostic Products Corporation) was performed using 500 prospectively collected serum samples. As part of a routine antenatal screening program, these samples were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and rubella virus. The overall agreement between the two assay systems ranged from 98.0 to 99.8%. After discrepancy analysis the outcome in terms of relative sensitivity and specificity varied from 97.5 to 100%.Primary infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii or rubella virus in pregnant women can lead to congenital infection, with serious sequelae for the newborn (4). Although rubella vaccination has reduced the incidence of rubella virus infection substantially, maternal infection in industrialized countries is still estimated to occur in 1 out of 6,000 to 10,000 pregnancies (3).Due to a high proportion of seronegative results to T. gondii during pregnancy, it is important to clearly understand the woman's serological status in the first trimester (8). Symptoms such as chorioretinitis and delay in development of the fetus can be prevented if timely treatment with spiramycin is initiated (6). Detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies is problematic because of the reported low degree of test specificity and the clinical implications of a false-positive result, which can lead to unnecessary therapeutic intervention.It is therefore of utmost importance to identify susceptible women in order to offer early treatment. Screening programs for pregnant woman are now available in various Western countries (9, 16). Most recently, hepatitis B has been added to the screening program since hepatitis B vaccination (passive and active) of the newborn can actually prevent transmission from a HBsAg-positive mother to her child (14).Antenatal screening programs produce a substantial workload for the microbiological laboratory. Testing of large numbers of serum samples has shifted in recent years, from batch processing with enzyme immunoassays to sophisticated random-access systems capable of processing a variety of tests simultaneously (2).In this study, we compare the results of antenatal screening for T. gondii and rubella virus antibodies and HBsAg using the bioMérieux (Marcy l'Etoile, France) Vidas and Diagnostic Products Corporation (DPC) (Los Angeles, Calif.) Immulite systems. MATERIALS AND METHODSIn June and July 1999, a total of 500 serum samples, prospectively collected from women in their first trimester of pregnancy, were tested using the Vidas (bioMérieux) and DPC Immulite systems, for the presence of HBsAg, and for IgG and IgM antibodies to rubella virus and T. gondii. Analysis of both immunoassay systems was performed according to the manufacturers' instructions. An aliquot of 2 ml of each serum sample was frozen at Ϫ20°C for retesting and/or confirmatory procedures.The Vidas immunoassay system is based on the enzyme-linked fluorescent assay...

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“…Screening programs for pregnant woman are now available in various Western countries (7,14). Most recently, hepatitis B has been added to these screening programs, because hepatitis B vaccination of the newborn can actually prevent transmission from an HBsAg-positive mother to her child (12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenatal Screening for Hepatitis B and Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and Rubella Virus: Evaluation of Two Commercial Immunoassay Systems

Diepersloot

Dunnewold-Hoekstra

Hollander

et al. 2001

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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A comparative evaluation of the Abbott AxSYM and DPC Immulite random-access analyzers was performed using 497 prospectively collected serum samples. These samples were sent to the laboratory for routine antenatal screening for hepatitis B surface antigen and immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and rubella virus. The overall agreement between the two assay systems ranged from 97.4 to 100%. After discrepancy analysis, the outcome in terms of sensitivity and specificity varied from 98.2 to 100% for all but one of the assays tested. The AxSYM rubella virus IgG assay tended to report protective or indeterminate antibody levels in 1% of the samples. This shortcoming might be overcome by raising the cutoff of the microparticle enzyme immunoassay system. Toxoplasma gondii and rubella virus (RV) infection both cause a generally benign disease in immunocompetent individuals (3, 9) but may lead to congenital infection with serious sequelae for the newborn after primary infection in pregnant women.Primary maternal RV infection during the first trimester of pregnancy carries a high risk for the development of the congenital rubella syndrome with characteristic malformations of the heart, eye, and ear. Although rubella vaccination has reduced the incidence of RV infection substantially, maternal infection in industrialized countries is still estimated to occur in 1 out of 6,000 to 10,000 pregnancies (1).A high proportion of pregnant women are seronegative for T. gondii and therefore at risk for primary T. gondii infection and, subsequently, for the development of congenital toxoplasmosis in their offspring (6). Symptoms, like chorioretinitis and delay in development, can be prevented if timely treatment with spiramycin is initiated (4).It is therefore of utmost importance to identify susceptible women in order to offer early treatment. Screening programs for pregnant woman are now available in various Western countries (7,14). Most recently, hepatitis B has been added to these screening programs, because hepatitis B vaccination of the newborn can actually prevent transmission from an HBsAg-positive mother to her child (12).Antenatal screening programs produce a substantial workload for the microbiological laboratory. Testing of large numbers of serum samples has shifted in recent years from batch-processing enzyme immunoassays to sophisticated random-access systems capable of processing a variety of tests simultaneously.In this study, we compared the results obtained from the Abbott AxSYM and DPC Immulite systems during routine antenatal screening for HBsAg and for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies to T. gondii and RV. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe evaluation, which ran from August to November 1999, included blood specimens referred to the medical microbiology laboratory for antenatal screening. Blood samples were clotted and centrifuged prior to testing. All sera were then tested for the presence of HBsAg and for IgG and IgM antibodies to RV and T. gondii with the Abbott AxSYM and DPC Immulite s...

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Surveillance of congenital rubella in Great Britain, 1971-96

Cited by 74 publications

References 2 publications

An audit of rubella IgG antibody status in antenatal women in a NHS Trust over 5 years (2005–2009)

An audit of rubella IgG antibody status in antenatal women in a NHS Trust over 5 years (2005–2009)

Comparison of Immulite with Vidas for Detection of Infection in a Low-Prevalence Population of Pregnant Women in The Netherlands

Antenatal Screening for Hepatitis B and Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and Rubella Virus: Evaluation of Two Commercial Immunoassay Systems

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