Surveillance of cancer among sexual and gender minority populations: Where are we and where do we need to go?

Gomez, Scarlett Lin; Duffy, Christine; Griggs, Jennifer J.; John, Esther M.

doi:10.1002/cncr.32384

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Considering the large population and diversity of SGM status within the city, San Francisco could be an ideal location to further investigate the relationship between gender identity, sexual orientation, and breast cancer risk and mortality, and to tailor interventions toward non-heterosexual women. Incorporation of sexual gender minority data into population-based cancer registries will be crucial to better document the burden of cancer in this underserved population (33,34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Cancer in San Francisco: Disentangling Disparities at the Neighborhood Level

Guan

Lichtensztajn

et al. 2019

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background: This study uses a novel geographic approach to summarize the distribution of breast cancer in San Francisco and aims to identify the neighborhoods and racial/ethnic groups that are disproportionately affected by this disease.Methods: Nine geographic groupings were newly defined based on racial/ethnic composition and neighborhood socioeconomic status. Distribution of breast cancer cases from the Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry in these zones were examined. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine neighborhood associations with stage IIB+ breast cancer at diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the hazard ratios for all-cause and breast cancer specific mortality.Results: A total of 5,595 invasive primary breast cancers were diagnosed between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2015. We found neighborhood and racial/ethnic differences in stage of diagnosis, molecular subtype, survival, and mortality. Patients in the Southeast (Bayview/Hunter's Point) and Northeast (Downtown, Civic Center, Chinatown, Nob Hill, Western Addition) areas were more likely to have stage IIB+ breast cancer at diagnosis, and those in the East (North Beach, Financial District, South of Market, Mission Bay, Potrero Hill) and Southeast were more likely to be diagnosed with triple negative breast cancers (TNBC). Compared to other racial/ethnic groups, Blacks/African Americans (B/AA) experienced the greatest disparities in breast cancer related outcomes across geographic areas. Conclusion:San Francisco neighborhoods with lower socioeconomic status and larger minority populations experience worse breast cancer outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Cancer in San Francisco: Disentangling Disparities at the Neighborhood Level

Guan

Lichtensztajn

et al. 2019

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…3 However, population-based cancer registry data have not been fully used in assessing the cancer disparities among GMIs, 1 even though population-based cancer registries do collect sex information beyond male and female. 4 We found one previous study using national cancer surveillance data that identified lung cancer as the most common cancer for transgender indivduals. 5 We hypothesized that the vulnerable GMIs may be subject to identifiable disparities in lung cancer care and outcomes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Assessing Disparities in Lung Cancer Incidence for Gender Minority Individuals Using California Cancer Registry Data

Liu

Rwigema

Song

et al. 2021

Chest

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Gender minority individuals (GMIs) face unique challenges in cancer diagnosis and care. 1,2 Disproportionate burden of lung cancer is expected among GMIs because of their high smoking rate and known disparities in cancer screening. 3 However, population-based cancer registry data have not been fully used in assessing the cancer disparities among GMIs, 1 even though population-based cancer registries do collect sex information beyond male and female. 4 We found one previous study using national cancer surveillance data that identified lung cancer as the most common cancer for transgender indivduals. 5 We hypothesized that the vulnerable GMIs may be subject to identifiable disparities in lung cancer care and outcomes. To test this hypothesis, we used the population-based Californian Cancer Registry (CCR) database to examine lung cancer incidence records. Our primary goal was to identify disparities in case distributions between gender minority and majority lung cancer patients along the cancer care spectrum.

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“…[66][67][68] For example, the term "transsexual" was widely used in the past decade but is now considered offensive by some, and the more inclusive term "transgender" is preferred. 69,70 Terminology may also vary throughout the United States; for example, people on the west and east coasts of the United States may be likely to use the term "queer" to describe their sexual orientation, whereas in the South the term may be considered insulting. 71 Generational variations also exist in the use of SGM terminology.…”

Section: Recommendations For Oncology Institutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender- and Sexual Orientation– Based Inequities: Promoting Inclusion, Visibility, and Data Accuracy in Oncology

Alpert

Scout

Schabath

et al. 2022

American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book

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Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people, including agender, asexual, bisexual, gay, gender diverse, genderqueer, genderfluid, intersex, lesbian, nonbinary, pansexual, queer, and transgender people, comprise approximately 10% or more of the U.S. population. Thus, most oncologists see SGM patients whether they know it or not. SGM people experience stigma and structural discrimination that lead to cancer disparities. Because of the lack of systematic and comprehensive data collection, data regarding SGM cancer incidence, outcomes, and treatment responses are limited. Collection of data regarding sexual orientation, gender identity, transgender identity and/or experience, anatomy, and serum hormone concentrations in oncology settings would drastically increase collective knowledge about the impact of stigma and biologic markers on cancer outcomes. Increasing the safety of oncology settings for SGM people will require individual, institutional, and systems changes that will likely improve oncologic care for all patients.

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Surveillance of cancer among sexual and gender minority populations: Where are we and where do we need to go?

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Breast Cancer in San Francisco: Disentangling Disparities at the Neighborhood Level

Breast Cancer in San Francisco: Disentangling Disparities at the Neighborhood Level

Assessing Disparities in Lung Cancer Incidence for Gender Minority Individuals Using California Cancer Registry Data

Gender- and Sexual Orientation– Based Inequities: Promoting Inclusion, Visibility, and Data Accuracy in Oncology

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