Surveillance of Antibacterial Resistance in &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus &lt;/i&gt;Isolated in Kuwaiti Hospitals

Udo, Edet E.; Al‐Sweih, Noura; Dhar, Rita; Dimitrov, T; Mokaddas, Eiman; Johny, Molly; Al‐Obaid, Inaam; Gomaa, Huda H.; Mobasher, Lubna Ahmed; Rotimi, Vincent O.; Al-Asar, Al-Sayed M.

doi:10.1159/000109594

Cited by 39 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The high prevalence of multidrug resistance in MRSA observed in Bahrain is comparable to that in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait [14,18,25] . A recent study in Saudi Arabia showed that 78.8% of MRSA isolates obtained in 4 hospitals were multiresistant with a high prevalence of resistance to gentamicin, erythromycin, and oxytetracycline [14] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…A recent study in Saudi Arabia showed that 78.8% of MRSA isolates obtained in 4 hospitals were multiresistant with a high prevalence of resistance to gentamicin, erythromycin, and oxytetracycline [14] . Similarly, multiresistant MRSA constituted 78% of MRSA isolates obtained in Kuwait hospitals with a high prevalence of resistance to gentamicin, kanamycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and fusidic acid [17,18,25] . The high prevalence of fusidic acid resistance in this study was of interest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Typing of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Isolated in a Bahrain Hospital

2008

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Objective: To investigate antibacterial resistance patterns and genetic relatedness of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) obtained at the Salmaniya Medical Complex in Bahrain. Methods: A total of 53 consecutive MRSA isolates obtained from 53 patients were studied using antibacterial resistance patterns, coagulase gene polymorphism, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: There was a high prevalence of resistance to fusidic acid (92.5%), ciprofloxacin (92.5%), erythromycin (90.6%), tetracycline (88.7%), trimethoprim (88.7%), streptomycin (88.7%), kanamycin (83.0%) and gentamicin (73.6%). Coagulase gene typing divided the isolates into five coagulase types comprising coagulase type 36 (86.7%), type 20 (3.8%), type 16 (3.8%), type 38 (1.9%) and type 384 (3.8%). They belonged to SCCmec type III (86.7%) and SCCmec type IV (13.3%). PFGE identified five pulsotypes (types A–E) with PFGE type A and its subtypes comprising 83% of the isolates. PFGE type A isolates were multiresistant and had the SCCmec type III and coagulase type 36 genotype. The SCCmec type IV isolates were nonmultiresistant with different genetic backgrounds. Conclusions: The study identified two types of MRSA in the hospital during the study period. One type consisted of a persistent multiresistant PFGE clone with the SCCmec type III and coagulase type 36 genotypes. The second type consisted of nonmultiresistant isolates that belonged to different genetic backgrounds and were isolated less frequently.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Typing of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Isolated in a Bahrain Hospital

2008

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“…aureus , a frequent cause of infections in both the community and hospital, is the most common organism responsible for intravenous catheter-related infection, postoperative wound infection, septicemia, septic arthritis, and skin and soft tissue endogenous infections in hemodialysis patients [7,9,10,14,15] . A major part of dialysis-related infection is endogenous and related to the high frequency of nasal and skin carriage of S. aureus [16] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study in another hospital of Shiraz, MRSA nasal carriage rate was reported to be 42.4% among hospital patients [11] , which is more than that observed in our study. However, one study has shown that the rates of MRSA isolates have increased steadily over the past decade [15] . Most of our isolates were sensitive to vancomycin, rifampin and ciprofloxacin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Frequency of Staphylococcal Carriage and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Isolated Staphylococci in Hemodialysis Patients in Shiraz, Iran

Motamedifar

Hassanzadeh²,

Ghafari

2010

Med Princ Pract

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the nasal carriage rate of Staphylococcus aureus in hemodialysis patients and the antibiogram of all isolated S. aureus from carriers. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from May to September 2007. 130 patients (49 females, 81 males; mean age 55.6 ± 15.2 years) with chronic renal failure were included in the study. The patients had undergone hemodialysis for at least 12 months in the dialysis ward of Faghihi Hospital, a referral center in Shiraz, Iran. Swab specimens were taken from the anterior nares and skin of the patients and cultured microbiologically. Next, antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed for all of the isolated S. aureus. Results: 32 (24.6%) patients (95% CI 17.5–32.9%) were nasal carriers of S. aureus versus 98 (75.4%) non-carriers. S. aureus was also isolated from skin of 5 (3.8%) patients who were nasal carriers as well. The isolated S. aureus were 100, 97.3, 73.0, 70.3, 40.5 and 21.6% sensitive to vancomycin, rifampin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, methicillin and erythromycin, respectively. Conclusion: Because the nasal carriage rate of S. aureus observed in dialysis patients in this study was relatively high, we recommend screening for S. aureus in hemodialysis patients to enable prompt prevention strategies.

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“…The most common species causing nosocomial infections are Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Importance of MRSAs as a pathogen has increased with the occurrence of high-level resistance to multiple antimicrobial drugs, such as co-amoxiclav, cefotaxime and gentamicin (10,11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Patients With Nosocomial Infections Admitted to Tehran Hospitals

Armin

Karimi

Fallah

et al. 2015

Arch Pediatr Infect Dis

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Background: Nosocomial infections constitute a global health problem, leading to a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The choice of antimicrobial treatment for nosocomial infections is often empirical and based on the knowledge of local antimicrobial activity patterns of the most common bacteria causing such infections. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the 3 most prevalent bacterial pathogens including Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus causing nosocomial infections and their antimicrobial resistant profiles in patients admitted to three hospitals in Tehran city, Iran. Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, the A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus isolates were obtained from different samples of patients with nosocomial infections admitted to different wards of three hospitals including Milad, Motahary and Loghman from November 2014 to April 2015. Nosocomial infections were defined as a culture-proven infection, which occurred more than 48 hours after admission. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: In total, 539 samples were collected during the study period from patients with nosocomial infections. Overall, 198, 75 and 98 A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus isolates were obtained, respectively. Cefepim and meropenem were found to be the most effective antibiotics for nosocomial infections caused by S. aureus with only 1 resistant isolate. Resistance to gentamicin and amikacin and susceptibility to cefepim was the highest compared to other antibiotics amongst P. aeruginosa isolates which is in consistent with the fact that cephalosporins remain useful agents for the management of nosocomial infections caused by P. aeruginosa. Acinetobacter baumannii isolates showed lower susceptibility rates to imipenem and ciprofloxacin than other antibiotics with 189 and 187 resistant isolates, respectively; however 155 isolates were susceptible to co-trimoxazole and ceftazidime. The high resistant rate amongst A. baumannii to carbapenems is likely consequence of heavy empirical usage of this group of antibiotics. Conclusions: The high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in the hospitals highlights the need for further infection control programs. Future regional epidemiological data on antimicrobial resistance patterns will be required to implement strict national antibiotic policies to restrict the spread of these resistance bugs.

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Surveillance of Antibacterial Resistance in <i>Staphylococcus aureus </i>Isolated in Kuwaiti Hospitals

Cited by 39 publications

References 46 publications

Molecular Typing of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Isolated in a Bahrain Hospital

Molecular Typing of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Isolated in a Bahrain Hospital

Relative Frequency of Staphylococcal Carriage and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Isolated Staphylococci in Hemodialysis Patients in Shiraz, Iran

Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Patients With Nosocomial Infections Admitted to Tehran Hospitals

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