Surveillance and control of meningococcal disease in the COVID-19 era: A Global Meningococcal Initiative review

Alderson, Mark R.; Arkwright, Peter D.; Bai, Xilian; Black, Steve; Borrow, Raymond; Caugant, Dominique A.; Dinleyici, Ener Çağrı; Harrison, Lee H.; Lucidarme, Jay; McNamara, Lucy A.; Meiring, Susan; Sáfadi, Marco Aurélio Palazzi; Shao, Zhujun; Stephens, David S.; Taha, Muhamed‐Kheir; Vázquez, Julio; Zhu, Bingqing

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2021.11.016

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…During the pandemic, there was a significant decline in invasive diseases transmitted by respiratory droplets, including IMD, likely as a result of containment measures put in place to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Several of these deadly invasive diseases are vaccine-preventable, and continued vaccination can help prevent a potential increase in burden once containment measures are lifted [ 41 , 42 ]. The restrictions also resulted in disruptions to vaccination provision, including childhood vaccination for IMD in some countries [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several of these deadly invasive diseases are vaccine-preventable, and continued vaccination can help prevent a potential increase in burden once containment measures are lifted [ 41 , 42 ]. The restrictions also resulted in disruptions to vaccination provision, including childhood vaccination for IMD in some countries [ 41 ]. UK surveillance data has shown an increase in serogroup B IMD cases in the months following easing of social distancing measures, and primarily among adolescents, who are not vaccinated with 4CMenB [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Range of invasive meningococcal disease sequelae and health economic application – a systematic and clinical review

et al. 2022

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Background Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is uncommon, life-threatening, with many diverse sequelae. The aims were to: 1) comprehensively characterise the sequelae; 2) have a systematic application for sequelae impact in economic evaluation (EE). Methods Sequelae categorised as physical/neurological or psychological/behavioural were identified from a systematic review of IMD observational studies (OS) and EEs in high-income countries (published 2001–2020). A comprehensive map and EE-relevant list, respectively, included physical/neurological sequelae reported in ≥2OS and ≥ 2OS + 2EE (≥1OS and ≥ 1OS + 1EE for psychological/behavioural). Sequelae proportions were selected from the highest quality studies reporting most sequelae. Three medical experts independently evaluated the clinical impact of findings. Results Sixty-Six OS and 34 EE reported IMD sequelae. The comprehensive map included 44 sequelae (30 physical/neurological, 14 psychological/behavioural), of which 18 (14 physical/neurological and 4 psychological/behavioural) were EE-relevant. Experts validated the study and identified gaps due to limited evidence, underreporting of psychological/behavioural sequelae in survivors/their families, and occurrence of multiple sequelae in the acute phase and long-term. Conclusions The considerable burden of IMD sequelae on survivors and their families is potentially underestimated in EE, due to underreporting and poorly-defined subtle sequelae. When assessing IMD burden and potential interventions e.g., vaccination, sequelae range and duration, underreporting, and indirect burden on dependents should be considered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Range of invasive meningococcal disease sequelae and health economic application – a systematic and clinical review

et al. 2022

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Globally, the incidence and mortality of meningococcal disease have continued to decrease since 1990, although differences in age and geographic distribution remained [ 4 , 5 ]. In 2020, the incidence was 0.56 per 100,000 population in Spain and 0.17 per 100,000 population in Brazil [ 5 ]. During 2015–2019, the incidence rate of meningococcal disease in China was 0.078 per million persons, and the case fatality rate was 11.82% [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carriage prevalence of Neisseria meningitidis in China, 2005–2022: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Yue

et al. 2022

BMC Infect Dis

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Introduction Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) is a major cause of meningitis and septicemia. Most people are infected with latent infections or are carriers. We aimed to estimate the carriage prevalence of Nm in China. Methods We did a systematic review of published work to assess the prevalence of meningococcal carriage in China. The quality assessment was conducted by the risk of bias tool according to Damian Hoy’s study. We estimated pooled proportions of carriage and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) using fixed effect model for studies with low heterogeneity and random effect model for studies with moderate or high heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were also conducted by region and age group. Results In total, 115 studies were included. The quality evaluation grades of all included documents were medium or high grade. The weighted proportion of carriage was 2.86% (95% CI: 2.25–3.47%, I2: 97.7%, p = 0). The carriage prevalence of Nm varied between provinces, ranged from 0.00% (95% CI: 0.00–0.66%) to 15.50% (95% CI: 14.01–16.99%). Persons aged 15 years and older had the highest carriage 4.38% (95% CI: 3.15–5.62%, I2: 95.4%, p < 0.0001), and children under 6 years of age had the lowest carriage 1.01% (95% CI: 0.59–1.43%, I2: 74.4%, p < 0.0001). In positive carriers, serogroup B (41.62%, 95% CI: 35.25–48.00%, I2: 98.6%, p = 0) took up the highest proportion, and serogroup X (0.02%, 95% CI: 0.00–0.09%, I2: 0.00%, p = 1) accounted for the lowest proportion. Conclusion The meningococcal carriage in China was estimated low and varied by region and age group. Understanding the epidemiology and transmission dynamics of meningococcal infection in insidious spreaders is essential for optimizing the meningococcal immunization strategies of the country.

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“…Наиболее полные данные о влиянии неспецифи ческих антиковидных мер на заболеваемость бак териальными менингитами получены в отношении менингококковой инфекции (МИ). От Глобальной менингококковой инициативы (GMI) появилось сообщение, что число случаев генерализован ных форм менингококковой инфекции (ГФМИ) во Франции через 2 месяца после принятия мер в 2020 г. снизилось в 3 раза по сравнению с 2018-2019 гг., в Бразилии -более чем в 3 раза, в Мехико -в 4 раза, в Китае -в 2,7 раза [3]. В Англии заболеваемость ГФМИ в апреле -августе 2020 г., то есть уже во время действия антико видных противоэпидемических мер, была на 75% ниже (45 случаев против 175), чем в этот же пе риод предшествующего года [4].…”

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Impact of Nonspecific Antipidemic Measures against COVID-19 on the INCIDENCE of Acute Purulent Meningitis during the Pandemic

Kostyukova¹,

Bekhalo²

2022

Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention

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Relevance. Nonspecific anti-epidemic measures against СOVID-19 (mask-wearing, social distancing, lockdowns, homework, quarantines, school closures, tourism bans, etc.) resulted in a significant decrease in the incidence of many respiratory infections. Scientific publications have reported a decrease in the incidence of bacterial purulent meningitis (BMP) during the development of the COVID-19 pandemic. Aims. To review the scientific publications on the decline in the incidence of BMP during the СOVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions. Undoubtedly non-specific anti-epidemic measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic helped to reduce the incidence of respiratory infections regardless of their etiology and could serve as an indirect indicator of the activity of these measures.

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Surveillance and control of meningococcal disease in the COVID-19 era: A Global Meningococcal Initiative review

Cited by 29 publications

References 52 publications

Range of invasive meningococcal disease sequelae and health economic application – a systematic and clinical review

Range of invasive meningococcal disease sequelae and health economic application – a systematic and clinical review

Carriage prevalence of Neisseria meningitidis in China, 2005–2022: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Impact of Nonspecific Antipidemic Measures against COVID-19 on the INCIDENCE of Acute Purulent Meningitis during the Pandemic

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