Surrogate Lower Limb Design for Ankle-Foot Orthosis Testing

Thibodeau, Alexis; Dumond, Patrick; Lemaire, Edward D.

doi:10.26226/morressier.614ca2d987a68d83cb5d5d7b

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Additive manufacturing is also used for the manufacturing of quite complex body part surrogates combining both hard (bones) and soft (cartilage, tissue, skin) elements. These are ranging from the head and neck surrogates [10-13, 21, 22, 25, 46-50] to some simpler human thigh [51], foot [52], foot and ankle [53,54] and wrist ones [55][56][57].…”

Section: Advanced Am Body Part Surrogates With Hard and Soft Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Body Part Surrogates for Medicine, Comfort and Safety Applications

Koptyug¹,

Bäckström²

2023

Advances in 3D Printing

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Body part surrogates made with support from additive manufacturing (AM) technologies belong to a rapidly developing area of modeling. Although computer-based and mathematical modeling of complex processes is already an established field, these are not free from inherited problems. Surrogate modeling (physical modeling) being a subject of its own successfully complement mathematical and computer modeling and helps to cross-validate these methods and improve particular models. Present chapter provides a discussion on the general aspects of modeling relevant to the design, manufacturing and application of body part surrogates It also introduces new term ‘surrogate twins’ using the analogy of ‘virtual twins’. It also outlines a number of known applications of body part surrogates manufactured with support of AM in medicine, safety and comfort research. Strong and weak points of particular surrogate models is discussed basing on the general concepts of modeling including defining of particular surrogate model purposes, approximations, the ways of model validation, input parameter harvesting, related measurement systems and data processing, and setups for material and product testing. Comprehensive references will allow readers getting detailed information regarding discussed issues.

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Section: Advanced Am Body Part Surrogates With Hard and Soft Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Body Part Surrogates for Medicine, Comfort and Safety Applications

Koptyug¹,

Bäckström²

2023

Advances in 3D Printing

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“…All SLL CAD files, along with engineering drawings, are available via a persistent online repository. 11 Ball and socket joints were used for the SH, HM, and MF joints because the required motions were across multiple planes. Since the MTP joint only rotates in the sagittal plane, a hinge-type joint was designed, consisting of double cantilever snap-fit connectors to ensure a secure connection.…”

Section: Design Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 For cyclic conditions, a sinusoidal load ranging between 50 N and 1300 N was selected, representing average loads during walking that frequently reach 1.3 times body weight. 9 The load frequency is chosen to be 1 step/s, representing one half a healthy adult cadence, 11 since only one leg is tested. Therefore, as a pilot test for the design, an initial cyclic duration of 500,000 cycles was selected to test fatigue.…”

Section: Pilot Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surrogate lower limb design for ankle-foot orthosis mechanical evaluation

Thibodeau

Dumond

Kim

et al. 2022

Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineerin

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Purpose This study designs and provides a pilot evaluation of a novel surrogate lower limb (SLL) that provides anatomically realistic three-dimensional (3D) foot motion, based on a literature consensus of passive lower limb motion. This SLL is intended to replace single axis surrogates currently used in mechanical testing of ankle-foot orthoses (AFO). Material and Methods The SLL design is inspired by the Rizzoli foot model, with shank, hindfoot, midfoot, forefoot, and toe sections. Ball and socket joints were used between hindfoot-midfoot (HM)-forefoot sections. Forefoot-toes used a hinge joint. Three-dimensional printed nylon, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polylactic acid (PLA), as well as casted silicone rubber were used to re-create foot components. After fabrication, motion capture was performed to measure rotation using fiducial markers. The SLL was then loaded under both static and cyclic loads representing a 100 kg person walking for 500,000 cycles. Results Most joints were within 5° of target angles. The SLL survived static loads representing 1.5 times body weight for both static and cyclical loading. Conclusions This SLL moved as designed and survived testing loads, warranting further investigation towards enabling essential mechanical testing for AFO currently on the market, and helping to guide device prescription.

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Surrogate Lower Limb Design for Ankle-Foot Orthosis Testing

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Body Part Surrogates for Medicine, Comfort and Safety Applications

Body Part Surrogates for Medicine, Comfort and Safety Applications

Surrogate lower limb design for ankle-foot orthosis mechanical evaluation

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