Surrogacy: a family‐building option in search of legitimacy

Cui, Linlin; Li, Lei; Adashi, Eli Y.; Chen, Zi‐Jiang

doi:10.1111/1471-0528.14195

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The fact that the rate of adoption has remained consistent despite the shift to older and disabled children and the observation that around half of adoptive parents already have a biological child within the home (National Council for Adoption, 2011) suggests that the charge that it is driven by "baby hunger" is overstated. This conclusion is supported by the observation that adoption rates do not seem to have been significantly impacted by the huge increase in domestic and international surrogacy (Cui et al, 2016;Voskoboynik, 2016). Together, they imply that the decision to adopt is driven partly by convictions about the cultural and ethical desirability of adoption.…”

Section: Discourse On Ethicsmentioning

confidence: 89%

China: US intercountry adoption: a quantitative grounded theory study

McBride¹,

Kevern

2018

IJSSP

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors influencing the scale and nature of intercountry adoption (ICA) between the People’s Republic of China and the USA, and to describe the significance and contribution of each to ICA processes. Design/methodology/approach A documentary data analysis approach based upon the quantitative grounded theory: first, interpreting available data, and second, conducting a thematic analysis of the literature to generate a theory of key factors. Findings The results showed that changes in policies, ethical narratives and ideological shifts (principally the rise of nationalism) were highly influential in determining the scale and type of ICAs in successive years. Practical implications This paper concluded that China: US ICA is likely to continue only in small numbers with older and special needs children. However, China: US adoptions provide some examples of “best practice”. Understanding the interplay of factors explored theoretically in this study may guide future ICA arrangements between other country pairs. Originality/value Although a range of data has been collected on China: US ICA over a number of years, no systematic attempt has been made to link changes in those data to changes in the legal, social or cultural climate in which such adoptions take place. As well as providing new insights into the dynamics of ICA, the paper develops an original method which could be applied to parallel arrangements between other countries.

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Section: Discourse On Ethicsmentioning

confidence: 89%

China: US intercountry adoption: a quantitative grounded theory study

McBride¹,

Kevern

2018

IJSSP

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“…In particular, surrogacy technology itself is not bad, but when driven by profit without ethics, a surrogacy black market, and on some occasions the illegal abandonment of babies, results. 23 The application and potential damage that may result from science and technology are not irreconcilable contradictions if proper legal controls are in place and allow technology to be used in a way that benefits human beings and society.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uterus rental: Regulating surrogacy in China

Shanyun

2022

Med Leg J

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The development of surrogacy technology has brought hope to families with reproductive disorders. The current surrogacy regulations show that China has always been strictly against any form of surrogacy, but illegal surrogacy is still widespread. The departmental rule on surrogacy has a legal loophole; it does not clearly stipulate the legal consequences for involved parties who breach the regulation. China has not yet established a mature supervision and implementation hierarchy. The monitoring system for surrogacy is restricted to administrative special rectification; the prevention mechanism and the deterrence effect are not in place. Therefore, this article investigates illegal surrogacy in China, re-examines the current regulatory framework of surrogacy in China from the perspectives of legislation and supervision and suggests some changes needed to deal with the legal challenges posed by surrogacy.

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“…What is more, as for the surrogacy, the following problems regarding medical, ethical, legal and financial issues exist: the risk of communicable diseases from the surrogate mother to the child; the lifestyle of the surrogate; the risk of undermining the value of women's reproductive autonomy; psychological and physical risks for the surrogate mother and the child, potential custody battles and dispute in financial compensation for the surrogate mother . A comprehensive national regulatory framework is essential for it to be legal; however, China has not yet to establish the legalization of surrogacy …”

Section: Why Utx In China?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 A comprehensive national regulatory framework is essential for it to be legal; however, China has not yet to establish the legalization of surrogacy. 15,16 It worth noting that Johannesson reported that compared with surrogacy regarding the success of delivery, risks to the mother and the child, living donor UTx does not violate the ethical principle of equipoise and should be considered an acceptable solution to AUFI. 17 Moreover, both the public and the healthcare professionals have accepted UTx ethically, which was even higher than the acceptance rate of surrogacy.…”

Section: Why Utx In China?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical applications of uterus transplantation in China: Issues to take into consideration

Liu

Zhang

Ding

et al. 2020

J of Obstet and Gynaecol

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Uterus transplantation (UTx) is an emerging surgical treatment for patients with absolute uterine factor infertility. However, the initial low surgical success of human UTx from the teams worldwide has revealed the difficulty of the surgery and called for preparatory team training in large animals. Also, the team who carried out the human UTx without previous systematic research in large animals or deceased donors encountered transplant failures, which was controversial and even deprived them of further trials. Various UTx studies in large animals, including dogs, pigs, sheep and macaques have been performed in China from different teams, compared to other countries around the world. However, among over 70 UTx that have been carried out worldwide, only three were carried out in China, with one live baby achieved. In this paper, we explore the possible challenges for human UTx in China. We conclude that it is critical to learn the lessons from the international team and adopt the international ethic views regarding UTx on humans. Also, it would be positive for the Chinese groups to establishing an academic society for UTx with regular meetings, which will raise public awareness of UTx, and guide the proper development of human UTx in China.

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Surrogacy: a family‐building option in search of legitimacy

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

China: US intercountry adoption: a quantitative grounded theory study

China: US intercountry adoption: a quantitative grounded theory study

Uterus rental: Regulating surrogacy in China

Clinical applications of uterus transplantation in China: Issues to take into consideration

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