Surplus to extraction: Resettlement as a “make live” intervention in Mozambique

Wiegink, Nikkie; García, Angela Kronenburg

doi:10.1016/j.exis.2021.101036

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The colonial-era location of Mozambique's capital, Maputo, in the extreme south, has concentrated the financial resources and modern sector of the economy there (Newitt 2017). Grievances concerning regional inequalities, in favour of the more highly educated 'southerners', when it comes to employment in the extractive industry have been documented in other projects in northern and central Mozambique (Namaganda, Otsuki, and Steel 2022;Wiegink and García 2022). The real or perceived differences in the conditions of labour based on region inhibit the formation of alliances among all workers for higher remuneration and more jobs (for instance, by lobbying Twigg or the government to conduct more value-added processes within the renewable energy value chain locally).…”

Section: Regional Antipathiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Population displacement without satisfactory resettlement is one of the most prevalent problems accompanying extractive projects in Cabo Delgado and other parts of Mozambique (Lesutis 2022). Wiegink and García (2022) explain how these dynamics create 'surplus populations' (Li 2010) in the country's rural areas; that is, people in places whose resources are useful for large-scale extractive projects, but the people are not.…”

Section: Limited Livelihood Alternativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, they also expected that employment opportunities for residents would be available for a similar period (Pirira002, September 2020). That said, Wiegink and García (2022) outline how communities consulted on a new graphite project in Balama drew from the experiences of people affected by the Twigg project to inform their discussions with the new project's actors.…”

Section: Restricted Knowledge Of the Extractive Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contradictions to decent African jobs under energy transition-related extractivism: the case of graphite mining in Mozambique

Namaganda

2023

Review of African Political Economy

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The power of African labour to bargain for better terms of employment is an important precondition to ensuring decent jobs under energy transition-related resource (ETR) extraction and the global renewable energy sector more broadly. Through the lens of graphite mining communities in Cabo Delgado Province in Mozambique, this article examines the socio-economic contradictions constraining the power of residents to negotiate decent jobs from ETR projects in Cabo Delgado and other regions of the country. Six principal but intertwined contradictions are identified, including regional antipathies and limited livelihood alternatives, engaging energy transition discussions in Mozambique on the issues unfolding at the local level which inhibit workers from negotiating decent jobs. A micro-level perspective to examining challenges to decent African jobs enables critical reflection on the local aptness of climate change policies, such as the energy transition, which are predominantly discussed at the global, regional and national levels.

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Section: Regional Antipathiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Limited Livelihood Alternativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Restricted Knowledge Of the Extractive Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contradictions to decent African jobs under energy transition-related extractivism: the case of graphite mining in Mozambique

Namaganda

2023

Review of African Political Economy

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“…10 One strand of extractivism theory focused on how extractive industries tend to result in the dispossession of land for vulnerable and poverty-struck populations in the areas where the resources are extracted. 11 This has also been a particular concern for authors on Mozambique, specifically in relation to the large-scale coal mining in Tete province, 12 but also in the case of the preparations for the gas industry in Cabo Delgado. 13 In addition to traditional forms of dispossession, Lesutis discusses how the extractivism of Mozambique's coal mining operations in the Tete province also involve 'violence of capital that promises a "better life" whose actual realisation, directly implicated in circuits of "free" market economy, is constantly deferred to the future' .…”

Section: A Historical Approach To Extractivismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domination, Collaboration and Conflict in Cabo Delgado's History of Extractivism

Feijó,

Orre

2024

Kronos.

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A long history of extractive industries and activities have shaped the societies of northern Mozambique, and the Cabo Delgado province in particular. For centuries, the growing international demand on local resources had a great impact on the northern micro-societies. The demand for cheap labour and natural resources, ranging from ivory and cotton, to timber, rubies, land, gas and more, involved thousands of local actors in its extraction, reproducing systems of local power. The persistence of poverty, inequality and conflicts, as well as simmering and sometimes grand-scale violence, fits into a long-term trend of extractivism. Through a historical approach and field observations, we focus on the political economy of extracting natural resources. We point out the persisting basic patterns of extractivism that accompanied Mozambique's integration into global markets, and continued or even deepened, in the post-independence period. These activities are oriented towards foreign markets. They are instigated by foreign investment, but invariably carried out in collaboration with a chain of national gatekeepers. In a clientelist system, local elites resort to their proximity to the state to reproduce their power, often at the expense of state expropriation. Weak state institutions have the functional effect of reproducing the elites, also serving the interests of extractivist capital. It is, however, a system with many and profound contradictions, producing conflict and violence, which also recurrently put those interests at risk.

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“…2023). By far the largest in size and composed by the highly diverse “let die” populations of the Global South (Li 2010), the uncarbonised class is bearing the heaviest costs of green transition technologies’ development defined by technical fixes (Sovacool 2021; Wiegink and Kronenburg García 2022). We also recognise the diversity of experiences of the uncarbonised class in the Global South in terms of carbon footprint, contribution to the crisis, implications of climate change itself and its mitigation policies, and, overall, their differentiated positions within green capitalism's dynamics.…”

Section: The Necropolitics Of the Green Transition And The Decarbonis...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Transition's Necropolitics: Inequalities, Climate Extractivism, and Carbon Classes

Deberdt,

Le Billon

2024

Antipode

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This article theorises the processes of colonisation, wealth accumulation, and inequalities creation that the current paradigm of a resource‐hungry green transition enacts on the most vulnerable populations. We suggest that the extractivist logics and related technical fixes are leading to a “climate necropolitics”. In this, the socio‐economic system is increasingly defined by classes’ carbon exposure and consumption. Through the “green growth” of late capitalism, we theorise the advent of four carbon‐defined classes. Bounded by the access to climate tech capital and consumption of low‐carbon products, these include the ultra‐carbonised, decarbonised, still‐carbonised, and uncarbonised classes—with the first two acting as dominant classes and necropolitical agents sustained by the remaining lower classes. Inspired by Marxist scholars, we suggest that the current status quo is untenable and will result in class warfare during which coalitions between classes could reorient the “make live and let die” of the current green transition paradigm.

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Surplus to extraction: Resettlement as a “make live” intervention in Mozambique

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Contradictions to decent African jobs under energy transition-related extractivism: the case of graphite mining in Mozambique

Contradictions to decent African jobs under energy transition-related extractivism: the case of graphite mining in Mozambique

Domination, Collaboration and Conflict in Cabo Delgado's History of Extractivism

Green Transition's Necropolitics: Inequalities, Climate Extractivism, and Carbon Classes

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