Surgical vs. Percutaneous Approaches to Paravalvular Leak: Is Closure Too Little Too Late, or Just Not Soon Enough

Abstract

Key Points Percutaneous paravalvular leak (PVL) closure has lower procedure mortality than surgical closure in a non‐randomized comparison Both percutaneous and surgical PVL closure have high long‐term mortality with nearly half of patients dead after 2.5 years Multivariate analysis showed age, worse NYHA class, and renal failure were associated with worse prognosis Earlier detection and treatment of PVL should be considered to improve late results