Surgical treatment of children with tendon injuries of deep finger flexor tendons in the zone of fibrosynovial canals in pediatric patients: a review

Abstract

Almost two millennia have passed since the first description of tendon repair by Claudius Galen (130–200). Repair of damaged flexor tendons of the fingers is a complex and pressing problem worldwide, and especially in relation to tendon damage in children. This literature review describes options for restoring the flexor tendons of the fingers in children. A systematic search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, eLibrary, Russian Science Citation Index, and Cyberleninka. Furthermore, 268 articles were analyzed, 127 were reviewed, and 60 on surgical treatment of patients with deep flexor tendon injuries in the fibrosynovial canal zone were selected. The current study presents historical data on surgical repair of flexor tendons and modern treatment methods in combination with rehabilitation protocols. The main disadvantages and advantages are highlighted. Despite significant progress in the development of hand surgery, presently, the number of unsatisfactory functional results of treatment of injuries of the flexor tendons of the fingers of the hand remains high, indicating the importance and significance of the problem of restoration of the flexor tendons in both adults and children. The most difficult problem remains to be the restoration of the flexor tendons of the fingers of the hand in the area of the fibrosynovial canals in children.