Surgical treatment of central retinal vein occlusion

Abstract

ABSTRACT.The treatment of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is still a subject of debate. Medical therapy efforts, as well as retinal laser photocoagulation, have mostly dealt with management of the sequelae of CRVO, and have shown limited success in improving visual acuity. The unsatisfactory results of such therapeutic efforts led to the development of new treatment strategies focused on the surgical treatment of the occluded retinal vein. The purpose of this review is to summarize the outcomes of commonly reported surgical treatment strategies and to review different opinions on the various surgical approaches to the treatment of CRVO.

Long-term follow-up of OCT-guided bevacizumab treatment of macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion

“…One of the main reasons for visual loss is the development of macular edema (ME). Treatment options include grid laser treatment (for branch retinal vein occlusion), intravitreal injection of steroids, surgical procedures and, most recently, off-label treatment with intravitreal anti-VEGF agents [1][2][3][4]. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been shown to play an important role in the pathophysiology of ME by inducing blood-retinal barrier breakdown and increased vascular permeability.…”

Predictive factors for changes in macular edema in intravitreal bevacizumab therapy of retinal vein occlusion

“…Loss of visual function due to CRVO or BRVO is mainly caused by macular edema (ME). Treatment strategies for ME comprise laser treatment (BRVO), intravitreal steroids, surgical procedures [1][2][3][4][5] and, most recently, off-label intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF agents. There is increasing evidence that intravitreal injection of bevacizumab can lead to significant reduction of ME [6][7][8].…”

Management of Retinal Vein Occlusion – Consensus Document

“…Peeling of the ILM may be reserved for clinical situations in which other modalities of treatment, namely the intravitreal injection of antiedematous (steroids) or anti-VEGF drugs, have failed to achieve a satisfactory improvement in vision, and in which the blood perfusion of the macula physiologically allows an increase in VA [112,131,133,134,135,136,137,138,139,140,141]. …”