Surgical treatment of anterior shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss with the Latarjet procedure in active-duty military service members

Why do patients with anterior shoulder instability not return to sport after surgery? A systematic review of 63 studies comprising 3545 patients

“…Of these 381 studies, 333 did not meet the inclusion criteria in the end, leaving 63 studies for inclusion, comprising 3545 patients. 3 , 4 , 5 , 8 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 42 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 81 , 84 , 86 , 88 , 89 , 90 A flow chart diagram listing the reasons for exclusion is displayed in Figure 1 . Forty-nine retrospective studies and ten pros...…”

“…Sixty-three studies listed reasons for no RTS after surgical treatment of shoulder instability, including a total of 3545 athletes. 3 , 4 , 5 , 8 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 42 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 81 , 84 , 86 , 88 , 89 , 90 Study characteristics are displayed in Supplementary Appendix S2 . Articles were published between 1991 and 2022, with sam...…”

Rate and time to return to shooting following arthroscopic and open shoulder surgery

“…Prior studies have reported that the return to sport and return to duty following biceps tenodesis and treatment of shoulder instability is approximately 4 to 5 months. 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 10 , 12 , 14 Provencher et al reported on 101 patients who underwent open subpectoral biceps tenodesis and found that 82% of patients returned to duty at a mean of 4.1 months. 12 Cassidy et al performed a systematic review and found that military patients returned to duty at 5.4 months following biceps tenodesis.…”

“…Cruz et al evaluated the rate and time to return to duty following open Latarjet in patients with glenoid bone loss, and found 89% were able to return to full unrestricted duty at a mean of 5.3 months. 6 The difficulty in using ‘return to duty’ as an outcome measure is that it is too broad, and RTD varies based on a number of variables including rank (junior vs. senior enlisted), military occupational specialty, the unit’s training cycle, and other psychosocial factors. Additionally, many military studies utilize profiling data to retrospectively determine RTD.…”

Simultaneous Arthroscopic Glenohumeral Stabilization and Glenoid Microfracture in Young, Active-Duty Military Patients: Outcomes at 5-Year Follow-up

“…Glenohumeral instability, in particular, represents a common cause of disability among active-duty servicemembers, with rates of shoulder dislocation reported to be 10 times higher than in the general public. 5 , 10 , 13 , 23 , 26 , 34 , 35 While anterior instability is the most common subtype observed, military patients are also at significantly greater risk for posterior and combined-type instability when compared with their civilian counterparts. 3 , 26 , 32 , 36 Arthroscopic labral repair has long been considered to be first line for operative management of patients with anterior shoulder instability.…”