Surgical Tactics in Lung Metastases: A Comprehensive Analysis and Perspectives for Clinical Decision Making

Abstract

Goal: This article proposes to analyze and summarize the different surgical strategies applied in the treatment of lung metastases originating from primary cancers. Methods: A bibliographic review was carried out in the PubMed database. The search strategy resulted in the identification of 659 articles, of which 9 were selected after applying criteria. Discussion: A reduction in diagnostic resections and an increase in curative resections were observed. The advancement of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and open surgery has a positive impact on the treatment of metastatic lung neoplasms. The importance of continuous adaptation of surgical practices in the face of innovations is highlighted, with a focus on less invasive approaches and personalized treatment. Both VATS and neoadjuvant therapies influence prognosis, even for tumors previously considered unresectable. In metastatic melanoma, surgical indications have evolved with systemic therapies and surgical advances, including VATS. The approach to bone metastases prioritizes specific criteria, imaging exams and minimally invasive surgery, aiming for an effective recovery. Final considerations: The complexity of surgical strategies for lung metastases highlights the importance of continued research and innovation.