Surgical resection and radiolocalization of the sentinel lymph node in breast cancer using a gamma probe

Krag, David N.; Weaver, Donald L.; Alex, James C.; Fairbank, Jonathan T.

doi:10.1016/0960-7404(93)90064-6

Cited by 1,511 publications

(742 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Sentinel lymph nodes free of tumor have a high degree of accuracy in predicting a negative regional lymph node basin. [55][56][57][58][59] SLNB may have a role in staging the clinically negative neck in patients with SCCOT. A recent international conference on SLNB in mucosal head and neck carcinoma, including all head and neck subsites, combined results from 22 centers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparity in pathologic and clinical lymph node staging in oral tongue carcinoma

Greenberg

Naggar

et al. 2003

Cancer

164

116

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At present, storage capacities of single tank and tank farm have been greatly increasing. This change poses a real challenge for the applicability of current design standards. This article focuses on the applicability of safety spacing between tanks, which is one of the most important parameters of tank farm safety design. Taking PHAST and FDS as main research tools, the consequences of representative accidental scenarios were evaluated for different sizes of oil tanks to study the safety performance change caused by the increase of capability. The research results show that, when current standards are used to design the safety spacing between tanks, the safety performance increases as the capability increases. Considering the high property density, it is suggested that a higher safety performance objective has to be chosen when designing the safety spacing for ultra‐large oil tanks. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2012.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparity in pathologic and clinical lymph node staging in oral tongue carcinoma

Greenberg

Naggar

et al. 2003

Cancer

164

116

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“…reports have discussed the protocols and technical details of accurate scintigraphic SLN mapping [2,23]. One difficulty associated with conventional planar imaging is to preoperatively identify the exact anatomic localization of the detected nodes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sentinel lymph node (SLN) is defined as the first lymph node in the lymphatic drainage of the primary tumor [2]. Tumor cells spread initially through the lymphatic pathway to one or more SLNs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Clinical Value of Hybrid Sentinel Lymphoscintigraphy to Predict Metastatic Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Breast Cancer

Kim

et al. 2014

Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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Purpose Hybrid imaging techniques can provide functional and anatomical information about sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer. Our aim in this study was to evaluate which imaging parameters on hybrid sentinel lymphoscintigraphy predicted metastatic involvement of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in patients with breast cancer. Methods Among 56 patients who underwent conventional sentinel lymphoscintigraphy, 45 patients (age, 53.1±9.5 years) underwent hybrid sentinel lymphoscintigraphy using a singlephoton emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) gamma camera. On hybrid SPECT/CT images, we compared the shape and size (long-to-short axis [L/S] ratio) of the SLN, and SLN/periareolar injection site (S/P) count ratio between metastatic and non-metastatic SLNs. Metastatic involvement of sentinel lymph nodes was confirmed by pathological biopsy. Results Pathological biopsy revealed that 21 patients (46.7 %) had metastatic SLNs, while 24 (53.3 %) had non-metastatic SLNs. In the 21 patients with metastatic SLNs, the SLN was mostly round (57.1 %) or had an eccentric cortical rim (38.1 %). Of 24 patients with non-metastatic SLNs, 13 patients (54.1 %) had an SLN with a C-shape rim or eccentric cortex. L/S ratio was 2.04 for metastatic SLNs and 2.38 for non-metastatic SLNs. Seven (33 %) patients had T1 primary tumors and 14 (66 %) had T2 primary tumors in the metastatic SLN group. In contrast, 18 (75 %) patients had T1 primary tumors and six (25 %) had T2 tumors in the non-metastatic SLN group. S/P count ratio was significantly lower in the metastatic SLN group than the non-metastatic SLN group for those patients with a T1 primary tumor (p=0.007). Conclusions Hybrid SPECT/CT offers the physiologic data of SPECT together with the anatomic data of CT in a single image. This hybrid imaging improved the anatomic localization of SLNs in breast cancer patients and predicted the metastatic involvement of SLNs in the subgroup of breast cancer patients with T1 primary tumors.

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“…Since the initial reports of SLN mapping by Krag in 1993 (using radioisotope), 1 by Giuliano in 1994 (using blue dye), 2 and by Albertini in 1995 (using a combination of isotope and dye), 3 6 randomized trials [4][5][6][7][8][9] and numerous observational studies of SLN biopsy validated by a completion axillary lymph node dissection have established that SLN biopsy is feasible, accurate and safe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer: the node to recovery

Goyal

2010

Indian J Surg Oncol

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The widespread adoption of sentinel lymph node biopsy to stage the axilla has led to decrease in arm and shoulder morbidity. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is suitable for patients with clinically/radiologically node negative invasive breast cancer and selected patients with DCIS (those with clinical/radiological mass or extensive lesions requiring mastectomy). The combined isotope-blue dye injection technique gives the best results. We inject the isotope intra-dermally preoperatively and blue dye dye subdermally after anesthetic induction into the tumour quadrant peri-areolar tissue. Lymphoscintiscan is not necessary but is useful during the learning phase. Sentinel node biopsy can be performed through a small transverse or vertical axillary incision (~3 cm) appropriately placed to allow axillary lymph node clearance if needed.

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Surgical resection and radiolocalization of the sentinel lymph node in breast cancer using a gamma probe

Cited by 1,511 publications

References 15 publications

Disparity in pathologic and clinical lymph node staging in oral tongue carcinoma

Disparity in pathologic and clinical lymph node staging in oral tongue carcinoma

The Clinical Value of Hybrid Sentinel Lymphoscintigraphy to Predict Metastatic Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Breast Cancer

Sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer: the node to recovery

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