Surgical Procedures of the Lens and Cataract

Gelatt, Kirk N.; Gelatt, Janice P.; Plummer, Caryn E.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-8163-7.00012-3

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Lenticular proteins in the anterior chamber of the eye provide immune‐mediated reactions that can alter the metabolism or structure of this lens, which leads to the appearance of cataract, 13 notably from oxidative events 19 and associated with a decreased activity of the Na + /K + ‐ATPase pump. This leads to an increase in Na + and Ca + ions and a decrease in K + ions 11,46,47 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the specialized care, the complete anamnesis of each of these patients was performed. The stage of progression of the cataract was established, and the classification adopted followed the literature: (1) incipient—10%–15% of the lens is involved, the tapetal reflection is normal, and the vision is unaffected; (2) immature—both normal and opaque/intumescent areas are present in the lens, the tapetal reflection is normal, and the clinical vision is either normal or impaired; (3) mature—the entire lens is involved and can be swollen, the tapetal reflection is absent and vision fully impaired; and (4) hypermature—the lens is reduced in size, the tapetal reflection can be obscured, and the vision is usually absent 11,12 . Only dogs that had no other systemic and/or ocular diseases were used in the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is often related to aging in both humans and animals 6–9 . In dogs, cataract represents the main cause of the loss of vision with intraocular lesions 10–12 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pathogeny of the cataract involves the participation of several free radical‐mediated oxidative events that are associated with gross and irreversible alterations in lens metabolism 11,19,20 . This may be associated with aggregation of lenticular proteins, increase in high molecular weight and insoluble proteins, decrease in the relative amount of soluble proteins, and altered functioning of metabolic pumps and ion and oxygen concentration 10,11,13 . Another potential mechanism in cataract pathogenesis is the altered levels of different trace elements that act as essential co‐factors for homeostasis, among which iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) stand out 20 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the ratio of different major and trace elements in the lens of dogs with cataract

Jezler

Magalhães

Silva

et al. 2023

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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BackgroundUnderstanding the elements that support cataract development and searching for available therapeutic methods is essential for scientific and social interest. For that purpose, the role of trace elements has been investigated in this study to better understand the development of cataracts in dogs.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the ratio of the major and trace elements by X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry in dog cataract lenses to contribute to diagnostic, non‐surgical, and ophthalmological preventive data.MethodsA single lens with a cataract from each of a total of 88 dogs (cataract group) and a healthy lens from each of 6 dogs (control group) were evaluated. The elements calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), and potassium (K) were analyzed by energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence and X‐ray microfluorescence.ResultsThe results indicated an increase of Ca, Fe, Cu, and Zn, in association with the reabsorption mechanism of hypermature cataracts.ConclusionsThe ratio of elements Ca, Fe, Cu, and Zn was different in cataract lenses than in healthy lenses, and our results may support the development of therapeutic strategies for cataracts in dogs. The Ca concentrations were distinct in the cataract development stages, and the Fe concentration was relatively higher in males when compared to females. Finally, this research stands out with a particular contribution to the understanding of both cataract formation and prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is often related to aging in both humans and animals 6–9 . In dogs, cataract represents the main cause of the loss of vision with intraocular lesions 10–12 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of the ratio of different major and trace elements in the lens of dogs with cataract

Jezler

Magalhães

Silva

et al. 2023

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Traction suture fixation technique using a capsular tension ring fragment for severe lens displacement during cataract surgery in dogs

Fukumoto,

Minamoto

2023

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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ObjectivesTo describe the traction suture fixation technique for severely displaced lenses (≥180°) using a capsular tension ring (CTR) fragment during cataract surgery in dogs, and to retrospectively investigate its clinical outcomes.Animals StudiedEight dogs (nine eyes).ProceduresThe medical records of dogs with severe lens displacement (≥180°) due to cataracts that underwent traction suture fixation during cataract surgery using a CTR fragment at the Grand Animal Hospital (Hyogo, Japan) between November 2019 and September 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The retrieved data included the signalment, type of CTR, and postoperative outcomes.ResultsA single CTR fragment was used to fix the capsular bag to the sclera in six eyes, and two CTR fragments were used at two sites in three eyes. The lengths of the CTR fragments used were 1 one‐fifth fragment, 3 one‐fourth fragments, and 8 one‐third fragments. Postoperative complications included uveitis (nine eyes), glaucoma (one eye), posterior iris adhesion (one eye), corneal ulcer (one eye), and intracorneal stromal hemorrhage (one eye). Vision was maintained in all dogs during the follow‐up period (2 months to 2 years and 8 months) without recurrent capsular bag displacement.ConclusionsThis technique can correct and stabilize capsular bag displacement relatively easily through a small incision during cataract surgery in dogs with severe lens displacement. Intraocular lens implantation was also possible.

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Hereditary Eye Diseases in German Shepherd Dog

Zubrický¹,

Trbolová

2022

Folia Veterinaria

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Hereditary eye diseases occur to varying degrees in all dog breeds. Individual purebred breeds have specific predispositions to various eye disorders. The German Shepherd is diagnosed mainly with chronic superficial keratitis/pannus, but also with: distichiasis, plasmoma/atypical pannus, corneal dystrophy, persistent pupillary membranes, cataract, cone degeneration, retinal dysplasia, optic nerve hypoplasia/micropapilla, and limbal melanoma. Individual ocular abnormalities are manifested by characteristic clinical manifestations and ophthalmological findings. Some eye diseases can lead to blindness, others affect the comfort of life or work use of the dog to varying degrees. A thorough knowledge of individual ocular pathologies in a particular breed leads not only to the identification of the diagnosis but also to the correct assessment of the dog’s breeding usability.

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Surgical Procedures of the Lens and Cataract

Cited by 4 publications

References 70 publications

Evaluation of the ratio of different major and trace elements in the lens of dogs with cataract

Evaluation of the ratio of different major and trace elements in the lens of dogs with cataract

Traction suture fixation technique using a capsular tension ring fragment for severe lens displacement during cataract surgery in dogs

Hereditary Eye Diseases in German Shepherd Dog

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