“…Peritonitis, or inflammation of the peritoneal membraneand the peritoneal cavity, has historically been divided into two etiologiccategories. Primary, orspontaneous peritonitis, is characterized by bacterial infection with a singleorganism in the presence of ascites due to cirrhosis or minimal change disease.Secondary peritonitisis due to injury to the gastrointestinal tract with leakage of biliary, bowel,or pancreatic contents into the peritoneal cavity; many of these episodes arecharacterized byinfection with multiple organisms, especially anaerobic and Gram negative flora(1). Peritonitisassociated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) shares many featuresof primaryperitonitis: it is associated with intraperitoneal fluid, and is usually due toinfection by one organism.…”