“…Therefore, 40-60% ESCC patients are inappropriate for curative resection, which remains the primary treatment of ESCC as it provides sustained palliation of dysphagia and the best chance of cure [Hagymasi & Tulassay, 2007;Triboulet et al, 2001]. Nonetheless, more than 50% ESCC develop recurrence within 2-3 years after surgery [Dresner & Griffin, 2000;Hulscher et al, 2000;Nakagawa et al, 2004].…”