Surgical management and outcome of Extra-adrenal myelolipomas at unusual locations: A report of 11 cases in a single center

Cao, Jiantao; Huang, X. T.; Cui, Na; Wang, Xiang; You, Chaoqun; Ni, Xiangzhi; Gao, Xin; Wang, Jing; Liu, Tielong

doi:10.1016/j.jbo.2022.100438

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…CT and MRI can assist in diagnosis; however, myelolipoma lacks characteristic imaging findings, making its differentiation solely based on imaging extremely challenging, which leads to a high rate of misdiagnosis. Its correct diagnosis relies on a combination of pathology, imaging, and clinical features and needs to be distinguished from several diseases [ 19 ]. Especially in cases of intraosseous myelolipoma accompanied by pathological fractures, the fracture often leads to hemorrhage and inflammatory reaction around the lesion, which destroys the structural organization of the diseased tissue and alters imaging signals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malicious Tumor? Pathological Fracture of the Femur in Children Caused by Myelolipoma: A Case Report and Review of Literatures

Shen,

Yao,

et al. 2024

Case Reports in Oncological Medicine

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Myelolipoma is a kind of benign lipoma containing myeloid cells. It is a rare type of tumor that typically presents as an occasional adrenal tumor, generally manifesting as a nonfunctional adrenal mass. Although it can occur in extra-adrenal tissues, its occurrence in bone tissue is extremely rare. Most cases are discovered accidentally during physical examinations of adults, and there are currently no reports of cases with pathological fractures as the main symptoms. We present a case of a 15-year-old teenager who developed a pathological fracture caused by femoral myelolipoma. The diagnosis of the specific type of bone tumor of the patient was determined through pathology and imaging. To treat the condition, we utilized a technique known as the “soft drill” to fully access the tumor space, remove the bone septum, and scrape away the diseased tissue. The fracture was then stabilized using a hybrid external fixation. After a 2-year follow-up period, there was no recurrence of the bone tumor. This case is the first case of intraosseous myelolipoma that occurred in a minor with the initial symptom of pathological fracture, filling the gap in our existing body of knowledge and providing a reference for the treatment of this type of intraosseous myelolipoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malicious Tumor? Pathological Fracture of the Femur in Children Caused by Myelolipoma: A Case Report and Review of Literatures

Shen,

Yao,

et al. 2024

Case Reports in Oncological Medicine

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“…The majority of EAMs occur in the anterior sacral region, peritoneal space and mediastinum ( 6 , 10 ). EAMs are rarely observed in other locations, and myelolipoma of the central nervous system is extremely rare ( 16 ), with only two cases reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical management of extra‑adrenal myelolipoma in the central nervous system: A case report

Xu,

Yang,

et al. 2024

Exp Ther Med

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Extra-adrenal myelolipoma (EAM) is a rare benign tumor composed of mature adipose and hematopoietic tissues. Its etiology remains to be elucidated and there are few case reports describing the clinical features and treatment of EAMs in the central nervous system. The present study presented our experience and practice in the clinical management of a case of EAM in the right frontal region. A 56-year-old woman was found to have a space-occupying right frontal lesion on computed tomography (CT) of the head. Unenhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a lesion of ~1.5x1.2 cm. Enhanced whole abdominal CT showed a right presacral mass, 2.0 cm in diameter, with clear margins. The postoperative histopathological findings showed mainly mature adipose tissue mixed with extramedullary hematopoietic components. This confirmed the diagnosis of a (bone) marrow lipoma. Myelolipoma of the central nervous system is extremely rare. to the best of the authors' knowledge, only two cases of intracranial myelolipoma have been reported, and the present study introduced the first case in a Chinese patient reported in English. However, when CT shows high density and MRI shows mixed density in the tumor area even without enhancement, the possibility of myelolipoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

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“…There is little information on MRI-related reports of mediastinal myelolipoma. Because tumors contain fat components, most tumors have high signal intensity on T1WI and T2WI [ 11 ]. According to the main content of the mass, MRI may show equal intensity or slightly higher intensity in T1- and T2-weighted images [ 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CT and MRI can effectively diagnose adrenal myelolipoma, but they cannot diagnose mediastinal myelolipoma [ 13 ]. Even if the disease cannot be accurately diagnosed, it can be judged whether the disease is benign or malignant by using imaging [ 11 ]. Different tumors can be distinguished by their occurrence in distinct locations and the different tissue components present within a tumor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case of posterior mediastinal myelolipoma and a literature review of its imaging manifestations

Xu,

Wen,

Feng

2024

J Cardiothorac Surg

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Mediastinal myelolipoma is a rare condition and has no obvious symptoms. In the past 20 years, some clinical cases have been documented. However, the literature has not systematically summarized its imaging features. The aim of this paper is to present a case of right posterior mediastinal myelolipoma and to review and summarize its imaging features. Twenty-six articles were included in our study, which included a total of 26 patients and 33 lesions; 90.9% of the lesions were located in the mediastinum at the level from the 8th thoracic vertebral body to the thoracic 12th vertebral body. Among the cases with unilateral mediastinum, 68.4% of the cases were located in the right posterior mediastinum. Bilateral lesions accounted for almost one-fourth of all lesions. After contrast medium was injected, 93.9% of the lesions had mild to moderate enhancement; 84.8% of the lesions contained fat density; and 75.8%, 69.7%, 87.9%, and 75.8% of the lesions showed clear boundary, regular shape, heterogeneity and were encapsulated, respectively. Only 12.1% of the lesions contained calcification. An inhomogeneous mass in the right posterior mediastinum near the spine, including fat density, is the predominant imaging marker of most mediastinal myelolipomas.

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Surgical management and outcome of Extra-adrenal myelolipomas at unusual locations: A report of 11 cases in a single center

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Malicious Tumor? Pathological Fracture of the Femur in Children Caused by Myelolipoma: A Case Report and Review of Literatures

Malicious Tumor? Pathological Fracture of the Femur in Children Caused by Myelolipoma: A Case Report and Review of Literatures

Clinical management of extra‑adrenal myelolipoma in the central nervous system: A case report

A case of posterior mediastinal myelolipoma and a literature review of its imaging manifestations

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