Surgical Labyrinthectomy of the Rat to Study the Vestibular System

Chang, Mun Seog; Park, Moo Kyun; Park, So Hyeon; Suh, Myung‐Whan; Lee, Jun Ho; Oh, Seung Ha

doi:10.3791/57681

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…However, the percentage of the time spent in the outer zone did not reveal differences between the three groups and the mice tended to remain in the proximity of the wall as a normal phenomenon ( Figure 2D ). This behavior is interpreted as an indicator of anxiety, ( 53 , 64 , 65 ) based on the assumption that the central area is more threatening for rodents than its periphery ( 44 ). This is supported by the increase in the center occupation following anxiolytic drug administration ( 66 , 67 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both GVS and non-GVS groups underwent right-sided UL, and mice from the control group underwent sham surgery to expose the semicircular canal (SCC) without labyrinthectomy. We used surgical labyrinthectomy, which is relatively simple, reliable, and induces vestibular symptoms immediately after surgery, and has a faster recovery than vestibular neurectomy and chemical labyrinthectomy (43)(44)(45). UL was carried out according to a surgery protocol as described previously (44,(46)(47)(48).…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used surgical labyrinthectomy, which is relatively simple, reliable, and induces vestibular symptoms immediately after surgery, and has a faster recovery than vestibular neurectomy and chemical labyrinthectomy (43)(44)(45). UL was carried out according to a surgery protocol as described previously (44,(46)(47)(48). A 10mm-long skin incision was made 5 mm behind the right auricular sulcus to expose the bony labyrinth, and the muscle and soft tissues covering the temporal bone were dissected (44,(46)(47)(48).…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UL was carried out according to a surgery protocol as described previously (44,(46)(47)(48). A 10mm-long skin incision was made 5 mm behind the right auricular sulcus to expose the bony labyrinth, and the muscle and soft tissues covering the temporal bone were dissected (44,(46)(47)(48). After approaching the horizontal and posterior SCC, a small hole was made in the posterior SCC with a diamond otologic drill (0.5 mm in diameter) for perilymph leakage.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Improves Spatial Cognition After Unilateral Labyrinthectomy in Mice

et al. 2021

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Objectives: To investigate the deficits of spatial memory and navigation from unilateral vestibular deafferentation (UVD) and to determine the efficacy of galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) for recovery from these deficits using a mouse model of unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL).Methods: Thirty-six male C57BL/6 mice were allocated into three groups that comprise a control group and two experimental groups, UVD with (GVS group) and without GVS intervention (non-GVS group). In the experimental groups, we assessed the locomotor and cognitive behavioral function before (baseline) and 3, 7, and 14 days after surgical UL, using the open field (OF), Y maze, and Morris water maze (MWM) tests. In the GVS group, the stimulations were applied for 30 min daily from postoperative day (POD) 0–4 via the electrodes inserted subcutaneously close to both bony labyrinths.Results: Locomotion and spatial cognition were significantly impaired in the mice with UVD non-GVS group compared to the control group. GVS significantly accelerated recovery of locomotion compared to the control and non-GVS groups on PODs 3 (p < 0.001) and 7 (p < 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests) in the OF and Y maze tests. The mice in the GVS group were better in spatial working memory assessed with spontaneous alternation performance and spatial reference memory assessed with place recognition during the Y maze test than those in the non-GVS group on POD 3 (p < 0.001). In addition, the recovery of long-term spatial navigation deficits during the MWM, as indicated by the escape latency and the probe trial, was significantly better in the GVS group than in the non-GVS group 2 weeks after UVD (p < 0.01).Conclusions: UVD impairs spatial memory, navigation, and motor coordination. GVS accelerated recoveries in short- and long-term spatial memory and navigation, as well as locomotor function in mice with UVD, and may be applied to the patients with acute unilateral vestibular failure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Improves Spatial Cognition After Unilateral Labyrinthectomy in Mice

et al. 2021

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“…Both GVS and non-GVS groups underwent right-sided UL. We used surgical labyrinthectomy, which is relatively simple and reliable, induces vestibular symptoms immediately after surgery, and has a faster recovery than vestibular neurectomy or chemical labyrinthectomy (26)(27)(28). UL was carried out according to a surgery protocol described previously (29)(30)(31).…”

Section: Surgical Procedures For Unilateral Labyrinthectomy (Ul)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation on Vestibular Compensation in Unilaterally Labyrinthectomized Mice

et al. 2021

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Objectives: To investigate the ameliorating effects of sinusoidal galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) on vestibular compensation from unilateral vestibular deafferentation (UVD) using a mouse model of unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL).Methods: Sixteen male C57BL/6 mice were allocated into two groups that comprise UL groups with GVS (GVS group, n = 9) and without GVS intervention (non-GVS group, n = 7). In the experimental groups, we assessed vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) recovery before (baseline) and at 3, 7, and 14 days after surgical unilateral labyrinthectomy. In the GVS group, stimulation was applied for 30 min daily from postoperative days (PODs) 0–4 via electrodes inserted subcutaneously next to both bony labyrinths.Results: Locomotion and VOR were significantly impaired in the non-GVS group compared to baseline. The mean VOR gain of the non-GVS group was attenuated to 0.23 at POD 3 and recovered continuously to the value of 0.54 at POD 14, but did not reach the baseline values at any frequency. GVS intervention significantly accelerated recovery of locomotion, as assessed by the amount of circling and total path length in the open field tasks compared to the non-GVS groups on PODs 3 (p < 0.001 in both amount of circling and total path length) and 7 (p < 0.01 in amount of circling and p < 0.001 in total path length, Mann–Whitney U-test). GVS also significantly improved VOR gain compared to the non-GVS groups at PODs 3 (p < 0.001), 7 (p < 0.001), and 14 (p < 0.001, independent t-tests) during sinusoidal rotations. In addition, the recovery of the phase responses and asymmetry of the VOR was significantly better in the GVS group than in the non-GVS group until 2 weeks after UVD (phase, p = 0.001; symmetry, p < 0.001 at POD 14).Conclusion: Recoveries for UVD-induced locomotion and VOR deficits were accelerated by an early intervention with GVS, which implies that GVS has the potential to improve vestibular compensation in patients with acute unilateral vestibular failure.

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