Surgical Approach to Anorectal Melanoma with PET-CT Staging: A Case Report

Bulut, Nilüfer; Dagistanli, Sevinc; Yılmaz, Burçak; Atay, Omer Faruk

doi:10.1055/s-0037-1608902

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Few case reports have been published previously about anorectal melanoma and the role of PET/CT scan. [ 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ] As seen in our cases first and second, during recurrence, metastatic lesions were seen in the liver, skeleton, or soft-tissue deposits in the abdomen; thus, whole-body PET/CT scan can help in detecting sites of distant metastases, which might be missed on regional conventional imaging. Although it is difficult to make a differentiation of anorectal melanoma from other malignancies and inflammatory conditions on the basis of FDG PET/CT images alone, our case highlights the role of staging FDG PET/CT in identifying regional lymph node metastases and distant involvement, which is related to the prognosis of this disease and in follow-up of patients to identify recurrence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the evaluation of anorectal malignant melanoma: A case series

et al. 2021

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Melanomas are the malignancies that can affect any anatomic region where melanocytes exist (such as the epidermis, eyes, nasal cavity, and anus). Anorectal melanoma is a rare mucosal melanocytic malignancy, comprising 0.8% of all anorectal malignancies. Here, we report a case series of three patients of anorectal melanoma and role of positron emission tomography/computed tomography in diagnosis and follow-up to evaluate the local recurrence and distant metastases. Of three patients, two presented with rectal bleeding and one with obstruction. One patient had recurrence after 10 months, other after 24 months, and third remained disease free post surgery till 9 months.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the evaluation of anorectal malignant melanoma: A case series

et al. 2021

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“…Two types of surgery are offered as part of the treatment: wide local excision or radical excision as APR. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography is the most widely used method for locating perirectal lymph nodes and testing for distant metastases, to assess the patient's status for curative surgery alternatives [11]. The patient in the present case underwent APR with a hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and adjuvant chemotherapy following surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary amelanotic melanoma of anorectum – a rare case report with diagnostic challenge

Singh,

Singh

2023

pjp

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Anorectal melanoma is an exceptionally rare and aggressive form of cancer. One per cent of anorectal malignant tumours are anorectal malignant melanomas, which are exceedingly uncommon. We report a case of a 47-year-old woman who experienced painless rectal bleeding. On examination, an irregular lump was seen in the posterior rectal wall, measuring 4 × 3.7 cm. Biopsies were obtained under endoscopic guidance for histomorphology and immunohistochemistry. The biopsy examination showed nests of tumour mass in the lamina and muscularis mucosae. The tumour mass was composed of round to oval cells having enlarged nuclei, conspicuous nucleoli, and a scant amount of cytoplasm. No melanin pigmentation was noted in the tumour cells. HMB-45, S-100, and vimentin were all detected by immunohistochemistry. A definitive diagnosis of amelanotic malignant melanoma was rendered. The patient underwent abdominoperineal resection with a hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Anorectal melanoma presents with bleeding per rectum and is often misdiagnosed as internal haemorrhoids or adenocarcinoma clinically. Amelanotic melanoma, which lacks melanin pigment, is difficult to diagnose. Patients who appear with rectal bleeding should have a malignant melanoma evaluation as a possible differential diagnosis, and suitable diagnostic procedures, such as a colonoscopy and a biopsy with immunohistochemistry, should be carried out to arrive at a conclusive diagnosis.

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“…It is generally assumed that ARMM occurs because of the combined effects of environmental and genetic factors (13). ARMM is prevalent in middle-aged and elderly people, and its incidence rate is overtly higher in women than that in men (14). In clinical practice, the treatment of ARMM aims to prolong the survival time of patients as far as possible, and radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery are mainly employed, of which surgery is currently deemed as the preferred therapeutic option (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and prognosis of surgical treatment in ARMM and its effects on immune and inflammatory profiles

2020

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and prognosis of surgical treatment in anorectal malignant melanoma (ARMM) as well as its effects on immune and inflammatory profiles. A total of 64 patients with ARMM were enrolled and divided into control group (n=32) and observation group (n=32) based on different therapeutic methods. Patients in the observation group underwent wide local excision, while those in the control group were given non-surgical treatment. The immune function was compared between the two groups after treatment. The expression levels of serum IL-17, IL-23 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were compared between the groups before and after treatment. Patients were followed up for 5 years to observe the recurrence and survival rates in the two groups. Compared with those in the control group, the levels of cluster of differentiation (CD)3 + , CD4 + and CD4 + /CD8 + were increased, while the level of CD8 + was reduced in the observation group (P<0.05). The levels of serum IL-17, IL-23 and VEGF were significantly lower in both groups at 4, 6 and 8 weeks after treatment than those before treatment, and the decrease was more obvious in the observation group (P<0.05). The observation group exhibited a notably elevated 5-year survival rate and a remarkably decreased recurrence rate in comparison with the control group (P<0.05). For ARMM, surgical treatment is more effective than non-surgical treatment, which has less effect on immune function, is able to reduce serum IL-17, IL-23 and VEGF levels, lower recurrence rate, improve patient survival rate, and plays a certain positive role in prolonging the survival time of ARMM patients.

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Surgical Approach to Anorectal Melanoma with PET-CT Staging: A Case Report

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the evaluation of anorectal malignant melanoma: A case series

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the evaluation of anorectal malignant melanoma: A case series

Primary amelanotic melanoma of anorectum – a rare case report with diagnostic challenge

Efficacy and prognosis of surgical treatment in ARMM and its effects on immune and inflammatory profiles

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