Surgical approach for venous malformation in the head and neck

Abstract

Background: Treatment for venous malformations of the head and neck includes sclerotherapy, surgical resection, or a combination of both. Surgical resection can remove or reduce the volume of vascular lesions; however, surgery can cause postoperative scarring and potential surgical complications. This study sought to determine the effectiveness of surgery for the treatment of venous malformations of the head and neck. Methods: A retrospective review of the medical records of patients who received surgeries for venous malformations of the head and neck from January 2011 to July 2019 was performed. Using clinical photographs, preoperative and postoperative Doppler ultrasonography, outpatient clinic records, and operation records, the postoperative result and complications were evaluated for each case. Results: Among patients who visited our vascular anomalies clinic, 43 patients (ratio of male to female = 24:19) received surgeries for venous malformations of the head and neck. Twenty-nine patients had undergone surgery only, five patients received sclerotherapy after surgery, and nine patients received surgery after preoperative sclerotherapy. In postoperative evaluations, the result was excellent in 24 patients, good in 18 patients, and poor in one patient. Four patients experienced a recurrence of lesions with lagophthalmos, drooping of the corner of the mouth, partial wound necrosis, and scar widening found in one patient each. Conclusion: Because the head and neck region is the most exposed area in the body, more active implementation of surgical treatments with or without sclerotherapy is essential to reduce the functional and cosmetic impairments associated with venous malformations.

Ultrasound-Guided Moving Shot Radiofrequency Ablation of Benign Soft Tissue Neoplasm

“…With regards to vascular malformation, the mainstays of management include surgery, percutaneous sclerotherapy, and even TAE. In a recent study of surgeries in head and neck venous malformations, although excellent outcomes were realized in localized and well-defined lesions, patients with bigger and/or ill-defined lesions yielded less effective outcomes [ 9 ]. Another major consideration of surgical excision is post-operative complications affecting up to 10% of patients [ 1 , 9 ].…”

“…Managements for benign soft tissue neoplasms have been reported, including operation, sclerotherapy, and trans-arterial embolization (TAE), depending on the nature and location of the lesion [ 3 , 6 ]. Surgical excision is a definite treatment, but presents several obstacles [ 7 , 8 ], including scar formation, morphologic deformity, nerve/vascular injury, bleeding [ 3 , 9 ], and possible reconstructive surgery [ 1 ]. As risks of cosmetic problems indeed exist, patients aiming to resolve existing cosmetic issues often prefer a minimally invasive intervention to surgery [ 9 , 10 ].…”

“…Surgical excision is a definite treatment, but presents several obstacles [ 7 , 8 ], including scar formation, morphologic deformity, nerve/vascular injury, bleeding [ 3 , 9 ], and possible reconstructive surgery [ 1 ]. As risks of cosmetic problems indeed exist, patients aiming to resolve existing cosmetic issues often prefer a minimally invasive intervention to surgery [ 9 , 10 ]. Due to the abovementioned shortcomings, an effective and minimally invasive intervention treatment modality with fewer complications or even single-session management is preferable.…”

Clinical assessment and management of auricular arteriovenous malformation: retrospective study

“…Surgery was performed by one plastic surgeon. After partial or complete AVM resection, primary closure, skin graft placement, otoplasty, or local flap placement were accomplished [ 9 ].…”

Use of foam form of 3% Ethoxysclerol in the venous malformations treatment of the maxillofacial region ‎

“…Such a wide range of methods of treatment of VM of MFR is due to the peculiarity of their clinical manifestations, localization, and size. Surgical treatment is advisable to use if VM can be removed entirely within healthy tissues without significant cosmetic damage and functional impairment, in cases when the use of other methods of treatment is not so effective [6]. The use of 70% ethanol for sclerosing VM is based on its properties of causing cell death by causing cell membrane lysis, protein denaturation followed by vascular occlusion.…”