Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis

Ierano, Courtney; Nankervis, Jo-Anne Manski; James, Rod; Rajkhowa, Arjun; Peel, Trisha; Thursky, Karin

doi:10.18773/austprescr.2017.073

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…This might be due to unavailability of the appropriate SAP agent like cefazolin. 35,36 This study result was in line with US study. 37 Out of 246 patients who were given prophylactic antibiotics, 124 (50.4%) received prophylactic antibiotics 30 minutes before surgery.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis and Incidence of Surgical Site Infections at Ethiopian Tertiary-Care Teaching Hospital

et al. 2019

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Background:Surgical site infections (SSIs) are infections that develop within 30 days after an operation or surveillance of surgical wound infection implementation within 90 days after surgery when an implant is placed. The objective of this study was to assess preoperative and postoperative antimicrobial use in St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods:A hospital-based cross-sectional study was undertaken in surgery wards of SPHMMC for 4 months by reviewing 413 patients’ charts. All patients 13 years and older who were admitted and underwent different types of surgical procedures were included in the study. Epi info 7 was used for data entry, and then data were exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 software for analysis. Descriptive analyses were computed and rate of SSI was calculated in this study. Moreover, bivariate analysis was done to examine the relationship between the outcome variable and predictor variables with a value of P < .2 retained for subsequent multivariate analyses using multiple logistic regressions. P value of <.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results:Out of 413 patients, 152 (36.8%) were operated for general surgery, and the remaining were for other types of surgeries. Most of the patients, 196 (79.7%), were managed by a single surgical antibiotic agent, followed by 2 agents (20.3%) for surgical prophylaxis indication. Surgical site infections occurred in 46 (11.1%) patients before discharge from the hospital. In those patients who need treatment for SSIs, almost half of them (49.5%) received combination therapy of ceftriaxone and metronidazole. Emergency surgical cases were 2.647 times more likely to develop SSIs than the elective surgical cases (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.647; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.406-4.983; P = .003). Patients who did not receive antibiotic prophylaxis were 2.572 times more likely to develop SSIs compared to those who received antibiotic prophylaxis (AOR = 2.572; 95% CI = 1.02-6.485; P = .045). Clean-contaminated and contaminated types of wound were a protective factor against SSI in our study.Conclusions:This study indicated that most of the patients (72.1%) received surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis. The overall incidence rate of SSIs was 11.1% in the studied hospital. Ceftriaxone was the most commonly used drug. Being not receiving prophylaxis, wound class, and surgery types were significantly associated with the development of SSI.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis and Incidence of Surgical Site Infections at Ethiopian Tertiary-Care Teaching Hospital

et al. 2019

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“…Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) is administration of short course of antimicrobial agent prior to surgery to prevent SSI [ 3 , 4 ]. There is ample evidence on the effectiveness SAP for prevention of SSI for most of surgical procedures [ 5 – 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic utilization pattern for surgical site infection prophylaxis at Dil Chora Referral Hospital Surgical Ward, Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia

Ayele

Taye

2018

BMC Res Notes

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess utilization pattern of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in surgical wards of Dil Chora Referral Hospital.ResultsProphylactic antibiotics were given in all surgical procedures. More than half of the participants 206(53.6%) were given Ceftriaxone while combination of Ceftriaxone and Metronidazole were used for 159(41.4%) patients. The most common procedure (88.3%), appendectomy, was managed with combination of Ceftriaxone and Metronidazole while the remaining was on Ceftriaxone. Hernia repair, another common procedure seen in this ward, was majorly managed by combination of Ceftriaxone and Metronidazole (60.7%) while the rest were on ceftriaxone alone. In general, inconsistence in antibiotic selection for different types of surgical procedures was seen. The surgical prophylactic antibiotics should be prescribed according to the international guidelines.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-018-3629-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…About 40.8% of aminoglycosides prescriptions were for surgical prophylaxis. The average duration of antimicrobial prophylaxis was 4.6 days which is higher than standard protocols as it recommends for no longer than 24 hrs 19,20 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Prescribing pattern and utilization of selected antimicrobials in a tertiary hospital of Nepal

et al. 2019

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Introduction: This study was done to understand the purpose of using higher grade antimicrobials in a one year period and to compare the consumption of commonly prescribed parenteral antimicrobial agents in four consecutive years in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal. Materials & Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out to collect the information on prescription of selected six classes of antimicrobial for all admitted patients aged 2 years or above for a one-year period. Further, the antimicrobial consumption tool 2016 was used to calculate defined daily dose (DDD) per 100 bed days of commonly dispensed parenteral antimicrobials for four consecutive years. Results: A total of 2568 antimicrobial supply forms prescribing higher grades antimicrobials were analyzed. The indications for use of antimicrobials were mainly for empiric treatment. Among the infections being treated, lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) was the most frequent cause. Piperacillin-tazobactam was most frequently prescribed followed by Meropenem. Also, DDD for commonly used parenteral antimicrobials showed increasing trends over four consecutive years. Conclusion: The prescription of higher grades of antimicrobial for empiric treatment and surgical prophylaxis need to be monitored. The rate of consumption of such antimicrobials could not be assessed due to lack of similar studies but the increase in DDD/100 bed days each year suggested the rise in consumption of antimicrobial in the same institution.

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Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis

Cited by 33 publications

References 34 publications

Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis and Incidence of Surgical Site Infections at Ethiopian Tertiary-Care Teaching Hospital

Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis and Incidence of Surgical Site Infections at Ethiopian Tertiary-Care Teaching Hospital

Antibiotic utilization pattern for surgical site infection prophylaxis at Dil Chora Referral Hospital Surgical Ward, Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia

Prescribing pattern and utilization of selected antimicrobials in a tertiary hospital of Nepal

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