Surgical and Medical Treatment of an Arabian Filly with Proliferative Enteropathy Caused by Lawsonia intracellularis

Schumacher, John; Rolsma, Mark D.; Brock, Kenny V.; Gebhart, Connie J.

doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2000.tb02289.x

Cited by 34 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…2,4,5 The spread and source of the disease in horses are still largely unknown, although a fecal-oral route is probable. 6,7 Whereas the main source of the disease in pigs is the mixing of chronic carriers with naı¨ve pigs, 8 clinical cases in horses usually occur as isolated cases. 3,7,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Four herd outbreaks are described in Canada 6,17 and personal communication indicates several herd outbreaks have occurred on farms in central Kentucky.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lawsonia intracellularisInfection in Horses: 2005–2007

Frazer

2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

105

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Background: Lawsonia intracellularis is an emerging equine pathogen that is a cause of equine proliferative enteropathy (EPE).Objective: To describe the signalment, month of presentation, common clinical signs, clinicopathologic values, diagnostic tests used, antimicrobial use, and survival status in horses affected with EPE; to evaluate how affected horses sold at public auction as yearlings; and to determine results of fecal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serum immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA) results in age matched, clinically normal herdmates.Animals: The study group was 57 horses treated for disease associated with L. intracellularis infection between August 2005 and January 2007.Methods: Retrospective study examined horses exhibiting evidence of infection with L. intracellularis and testing positive for fecal PCR or serum IPMA.Results: Horses ranged in age from 2 to 8 months with a median age of 6 months, and all were examined between August and January. Ventral edema was present in 81% of horses and hypoalbuminemia occurred in all horses. Only 50% of horses tested positive on both PCR and IPMA. Ninety-three percent of horses survived, and survival was unrelated to antimicrobial administered. Affected horses sold as yearlings an average of 68% less than other yearlings by the same sire. Age matched, clinically normal herdmates also tested positive for L. intracellularis on fecal PCR (6%) and IPMA (33%).Conclusion: L. intracellularis infection should be considered in young horses with ventral edema and hypoalbuminemia that are examined between August and January. Both fecal PCR and serum IPMA are needed to help determine disease status. Treated animals usually survive, although they do not sell for as high a price at public auction as other yearlings by the same sire. Age matched, clinically normal herdmates also test positive for L. intracellularis on fecal PCR and serum IPMA.

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confidence: 99%

Lawsonia intracellularisInfection in Horses: 2005–2007

Frazer

2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

105

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“…This antimicrobial is not effective in the treatment of EPE (Schumacher et al 2000, Vannucci et al 2012, Wuersch et al 2006) because its active property has a high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for L. intracellularis (McOrist et al 1995). In animals with hypoproteinemia, erythromycin doses were followed by clinical improvement in some infected animals, and treatment with erythromycin was effective for EPE in other reports (Bihr 2003, Lavoie et al 2000, Schumacher et al 2000 and is generally considered the drug of choice for the treatments of suspected cases. Disease progression varies from days to weeks, and the prognosis for recovery is good when diagnosis is timely and appropriate treatment programs are performed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine proliferative enteropathy on a Brazilian farm

et al. 2015

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ABSTRACT. - Lawsonia intracellularis infection on a horse farm in the Midwest region of Brazil is described. Thirty-nine foals a few days to months old from a herd with 300 horses, experienced diarrhea with variable characteristics and intensities, weight loss, hyperemic mucous membranes and dehydration. In foals 3 to 6 months of age, hypoproteinemia associated with submandibular edema were also common. Intestinal fragments of a 7-month-old foal were sent to an animal disease laboratory for diagnosis. The observed macroscopic lesions were hyperemic serosa, thickening of the intestinal wall with a corrugation, thickening of the mucosa folds and reduction of intestinal lumen. Histological analysis of the small and large intestine revealed enterocyte hyperplasia of the crypts associated with diffuse marked decrease in the number of goblet cells and positive L. intracellularis antigen labeling by immunohistochemistry. Three out of 11 animals of the same property were seropositive for L. intracellularis, demonstrating the circulation of the agent throughout the farm, but none were PCR positive in fecal samples. Based on clinical signs and pathological findings, the diagnosis of equine proliferative enteropathy was confirmed.

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“…In horses, the small intestine is most commonly affected, but lesions can extend to caecum and colon (Frank et al 1998, Lavoie et al 2000, Schumacher et al 2000, Williams et al 1996. The disease has been reported sporadically in foals and weanlings 3-8 months of age but older animals may also be affected and outbreaks involving several foals have been reported (Deprez et al 2005, Lavoie et al 2000, McGurrin et al 2007.…”

Section: Lawsonia Intracellularismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical presentation includes rapid weight loss, poor body condition, lethargy, depression, diarrhoea, mild to severe colic and peripheral oedema, often accompanied by other diseases including parasitism, gastric ulceration, upper airway infection and bronchopneumonia. Hypoproteinaemia is often profound and thickened small intestine may be visualized ultrasonographically (Lavoie et al 2000, McGurrin et al 2007, Schumacher et al 2000. Diagnosis can be based on serology, demonstration of faecal shedding of the organism by PCR or immunoperoxidase staining or, in selected cases, examination of intestinal biopsies (Schumacher et al 2000).…”

Section: Lawsonia Intracellularismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypoproteinaemia is often profound and thickened small intestine may be visualized ultrasonographically (Lavoie et al 2000, McGurrin et al 2007, Schumacher et al 2000. Diagnosis can be based on serology, demonstration of faecal shedding of the organism by PCR or immunoperoxidase staining or, in selected cases, examination of intestinal biopsies (Schumacher et al 2000). In a recent outbreak, neither PCR nor serologic examination identified all cases involved and concurrent use of both tests may be advisable (McGurrin et al 2007).…”

Section: Lawsonia Intracellularismentioning

confidence: 99%

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