Surgical Anatomy of the Orbit

Zide, Barry M.; Jelks, Glenn W.; Polack, Frank M.

doi:10.1097/00003226-198605030-00014

Cited by 29 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…The extraconal fat is supported in the correct position by the orbital septum [5,6]. However, with aging it becomes thin and weak, allowing the extraconal fat to protrude; this is commonly known as ''palpebral bags''.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolapsed orbital fat: 15 consecutive cases

Viana

Osaki

Filho

et al. 2009

Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and

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Prolapsed orbital fat has rarely been described and is often confused with other conjunctival tumours, such as dermolipoma. We describe the clinical features and treatment of 15 patients with prolapsed orbital fat. We report here our experience in 15 consecutive patients who presented to the Vision Institute of Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil, between July 2004 and December 2007. Age, sex, presenting complaint, physical findings, associated local and systemic diseases, type of treatment, and complications were recorded. Ten patients were men, and ages ranged from 44-86 (mean 68). Eleven patients presented with unilateral disease. Thirteen had superotemporal prolapse, and two atypical superonasal prolapse. Two gave a history of trauma. All patients had the prolapsed fat excised for cosmetic reasons. There were no complications. Orbital fat prolapse is usually superotemporal, mainly in men, and is easily differentiated from other lesions, such as prolapsed lacrimal gland. Excision is always indicated, usually for cosmetic reasons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolapsed orbital fat: 15 consecutive cases

Viana

Osaki

Filho

et al. 2009

Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and

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“…Heavy smoking is an another common cause of circulatory disorders; in elderly patients this is a frequent cause of flap ischemia [1]. The fine vascular network of eyelid skin is formed by anastomoses from the internal carotid via terminal branches of the ophthalmic and lacrimal arteries with terminal branches of vessels derived from the external carotid system [9,11]. The medial marginal arcade is the terminal branch of ophthalmic artery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The medial pedicled upper eyelid myocutaneous flap is a modification of the Tripier flap, which was formerly described as a random flap [6,7]. The existence of upper and lower eyelid marginal and peripheral arcades has been reported but, detailed anatomical information was not available [11]. Recently Tucker and Linberg [9] reported eyelid vascularity with average distance measurements from clinically relevant soft tissue landmarks in the cadavers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Axial pattern upper eyelid myocutaneous flap for medial canthal reconstruction

2003

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The medial canthal area has many functional and cosmetic peculiarities which provide challenges for surgeons. One of the best reconstructive options in this area is the Tripier flap. As originally described, it is a bipedicled flap. If unipedicled, the viability of each pedicle decreases as the length past the midline of the upper lid increases. In addition, many factors such as smoking, atherosclerosis, and diabetes may have adverse effects on viability. To improve flap vascularity the upper peripheral arcade vessels have been included in the upper eyelid medial pedicled orbicularis oculi myocutaneous flap. We used this axial pattern flap successfully in 11 heavy smokers to reconstruct medial canthal defects were. All flaps survived completely, with no woundhealing problems. This flap should be considered as a reliable option in medial canthal or lower eyelid reconstruction.

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“…It mainly involves two muscles: the orbicularis oculi and the frontalis. 9 The orbicularis muscle is a sphincter involved in eyelid closure and was well described by Furnas in 1981. 10 It has a concentric configuration of the fibers, centered around the palpebral fissure, and is anatomically divided into the palpebral and the orbital portions.…”

Section: Surgical Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Transpalpebral Browpexy

Niechajev¹

2004

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

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Transpalpebral browpexy could be performed as an adjuvant procedure to the upper blepharoplasty or as a separate procedure. It is done by separating interdigitalizing connections between the orbicularis and frontalis muscles, moving the orbicular part of the orbicularis muscle with overlying brow to the more cephalad position and again uniting both of these muscles with nonresorbable sutures in a new higher position. During the years 1990 to 1999, 55 patients (47 women and eight men) were operated on with this technique, which was partially developed by the author. Additional time required to achieve transpalpebral brow stabilization during standard blepharoplasty was approximately 30 minutes. Forty-three patients were followed, 38 of them for longer than 4 years. The elevation effect gradually decreased but persisted, with wide variations, between 1.5 and 7 more years. At the last follow-up examination, 36 of 43 patients had maintained lateral brows in the same position as before operation and sometimes even higher, which was appreciated by the patients. Complications were very few and they were correctable. Transpalpebral browpexy proved to be a useful addition to blepharoplasty and can be used for the minor adjustments after an open coronal or endoscopic brow lift. Particular indications included patients with lateral brow ptosis and discrete forehead wrinkles and balding men.

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Surgical Anatomy of the Orbit

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Prolapsed orbital fat: 15 consecutive cases

Prolapsed orbital fat: 15 consecutive cases

Axial pattern upper eyelid myocutaneous flap for medial canthal reconstruction

Transpalpebral Browpexy

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