Surfactants based on fatty acids and other natural hydrophobes

Responsive self-assemblies based on fatty acids

“…The aliphatic tail can have some additional groups such as hydroxyl group [7]. Fatty acids are usually obtained by hydrolysis of oils from various oleochemical sources such as animal, marine and vegetable [3]. The source of the oils determines the composition of the fatty acid mixture.…”

“…For oils coming from vegetable sources, the fatty acid composition is linked to the plant origin and sort. Usually, fatty acids are classified as a function of the aliphatic chain length [3]. Fatty acids with…”

“…Fatty acids are anionic surfactants under their deprotonated forms coming from renewable sources and have many advantages due their availability in large amount in nature and their biocompatibility [3]. They could be used for applications in various field from washing, material recovery processes, environmental cleanup to encapsulation and drug delivery.…”

Nonionic polyoxazoline surfactants based on renewable source: Synthesis, surface and bulk properties

“…Moreover the chemical modification of castor oil CO with tosylate group was proved by 13 C NMR analysis with the appareance of aromatic carbons around 130 ppm. Finally, the calculations confirmed that one of the three alcohol groups of castor oil CO was transformed in COTs taking into account that unmodified oil was eliminated during the purification step.…”

“…Some examples of graft copolymers were also referred to poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) and phosphazene [11] or chitine [12]. The large demand for surfactants urgently calls for sustainable surfactants made from renewable raw materials to reduce the impact on the environment and to save fossil resources [13]. In this sense few nonionic polyoxazoline surfactants based on vegetable biomass have been synthesized from glycerol [14] and lipopolymers [15][16][17][18].…”