Surfactant Protein D Is Present in Human Tear Fluid and the Cornea and Inhibits Epithelial Cell Invasion by<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>

Ni, Minjian; Evans, David J.; Hawgood, Samuel; Anders, E M; Sack, Robert A.; Fleiszig, Suzanne M. J.

doi:10.1128/iai.73.4.2147-2156.2005

Cited by 87 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Error bars are standard errors. pathology, extrapulmonary SP-A has been described in the intestine, 10,44 corneal surface and lacrimal system, 45,46 amniotic and vaginal fluid, 12,47 and recently, in brain tissue. 48 Multiple epitope sites on the protein make detection a challenge, but newer ELISA methods have had greater reproducibility in protein detection.…”

Section: Sp-a and Its Expression In Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Surfactant Protein A Is Expressed in Mouse Retina by Muller Cells and Impacts Neovascularization in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy

Bhatti

Ball

Hobbs

et al. 2014

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science

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Section: Sp-a and Its Expression In Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Surfactant Protein A Is Expressed in Mouse Retina by Muller Cells and Impacts Neovascularization in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy

Bhatti

Ball

Hobbs

et al. 2014

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science

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“…Such SP-D-mediated innate immunity is not limited to Klebsiella. A recent study showed that SP-D inhibits the adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to corneal epithelial cells (65).…”

Section: Interaction Of Klebsiella O Antigen Of Lps With C-type Lectinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognition of Bacterial Surface Polysaccharides by Lectins of the Innate Immune System and Its Contribution to Defense against Infection: the Case of Pulmonary Pathogens

et al. 2008

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5Many pathogenic bacterial species are classified into serological types, distinguished by their carbohydrate-rich surface antigens. These antigens are referred to as serotypic epitopes or glycoepitopes. Glycoepitopes are most commonly associated with capsular polysaccharides (CPS) or the O-antigen domains of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS).The association of specific bacterial serotypes of a given genus with defined clinical infections is a common phenomenon that applies to a variety of gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria. As discussed below, of the 77 distinct capsular serotypes in the species Klebsiella pneumoniae, only 25 account for most pulmonary and blood infections (12). Likewise, of the more than 90 capsular serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae, only 23 account for most infections, and these are included in the current capsular vaccine (25).The surfaces of the pulmonary pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae are coated with a variety of glycoconjugates that confer specific properties. For example, the polysaccharide capsules enable these pathogens to resist phagocytosis. In a few cases, it has been argued that serotype-associated differences in capsular size contribute to virulence and the high frequency of isolation. However, there is no satisfactory explanation why only a limited number of capsular serotypes are responsible for most infections (12,25).Because lectins are important components of the lung's innate immune system, it is reasonable to hypothesize that differences in the frequencies of isolation of specific serotypes in the setting of pneumonia are in part determined by the recognition, or the lack of recognition, of their corresponding glycoepitopes by lectins. We propose that the lack of recognition of glycoconjugates by one or more lectins of the lung contributes to the high frequency of isolation from pneumonia patients of the pulmonary pathogens bearing reactive glycoepitopes. Conversely, lectins that recognize serotype-specific glycoepitopes contribute to the eradication of these serotypes, resulting in a lower frequency of their isolation from clinical samples.In this review, we first correlate the sugar specificities of several types of lung lectins with the glycoconjugates on the surfaces of selected pulmonary pathogens. We then briefly describe in vitro data that suggest mechanisms through which the lung C-type lectins contribute to the elimination of specific glycoepitope-bearing serotypes. Finally, we review available evidence supporting our hypothesis that the high frequency of isolation of serotypes bearing a specific glycoepitope results from the ability of these serotypes to evade recognition by lectins of the innate immune system. PULMONARY LECTINS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEMDuring the last 3 decades, there has been intensive research on animal lectins (59, 90). Although lung lectins play a variety of homeostatic roles (38, 89), considerable research has focused on the contributions of several lectins to the innate, natural defense s...

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“…[8][9][10][11][12] In addition, bathing tear fluid contains mucins, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), and surfactant protein D, all antimicrobial factors that can bind microbes and potentially alter their interactions with corneal epithelial cells. [13][14][15] Epithelial cells also express several antimicrobial peptides, including human β-defensin 2 (hBD-2), cathelicidin LL-37, 11,12,16,17 and cytokeratin 6A. 18 In addition, superficial epithelial cells can internalise bacteria and then desquamate, thereby reducing the infective load.…”

Section: Corneal Barriers Against Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern recognition receptors in microbial keratitis

Taube

Cendra

Elsahn

et al. 2015

Eye

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Surfactant Protein D Is Present in Human Tear Fluid and the Cornea and Inhibits Epithelial Cell Invasion byPseudomonas aeruginosa

Cited by 87 publications

References 38 publications

Pulmonary Surfactant Protein A Is Expressed in Mouse Retina by Muller Cells and Impacts Neovascularization in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy

Pulmonary Surfactant Protein A Is Expressed in Mouse Retina by Muller Cells and Impacts Neovascularization in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy

Recognition of Bacterial Surface Polysaccharides by Lectins of the Innate Immune System and Its Contribution to Defense against Infection: the Case of Pulmonary Pathogens

Pattern recognition receptors in microbial keratitis

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