Surfactant apoprotein A modulates interleukin-8 and monocyte chemotactic peptide-1 production

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that surfactant apoprotein A (SP-A) and natural or synthetic surfactant can modulate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from alveolar mononuclear phagocytes.The aim of this study was to assess whether SP-A or Surfactant (Surf) from patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) can affect the release of two chemokines (interleukin (IL)-8 and monocyte chemtactic peptide (MCP)-1) from human monocytes and rat lung type-II cells. In addition IL-8 and MCP-1 levels were assessed in the brochoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of seven patients with PAP and compared with those in a group of control subjects (n=5).SP-A, tested over a wide range of concentrations, significantly increased IL-8 and MCP-1 release from monocytes. SP-A retained its activity after collagenase digestion, but was not active after heat treatment. The release of IL-8 by monocytes was also stimulated by Surf. Finally, median BALF IL-8 and MCP-1 levels in PAP patients were significantly higher than in controls (9.50 and 9.51 pg?mL -1 in controls versus 151.95 and 563.70 pg?mL -1 in PAP, respectively) and significantly correlated with SP-A concentrations in BALF.Overall the results of this study support the view that the high content of alveolar surfactant apoprotein A may contribute to the upregulation of chemokine release in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, thus contributing to airway inflammation.

Cyclic Changes in the Level of the Innate Immune Molecule, Surfactant Protein‐A, and Cytokines in Vaginal Fluid

“…An example of this is evidence obtained in laboratory studies of SP‐A's actions on cytokine production. Specifically, addition of SP‐A to macrophage‐like cells in vitro has been shown to result in a dose‐dependent increase in IL‐1β, IL‐8, and other cytokines . Our finding that both SP‐A and IL‐1β and IL‐8 levels are highest in the early follicular phase when there is maximum need for protection suggest a similar role for SP‐A also in vivo .…”

“…Innate immune molecules such as SP‐A are recognized to provide the first line of defense against invasion of the host by pathogens . Their functions include an ability to recruit adaptive components of host defenses . An example of this is evidence obtained in laboratory studies of SP‐A's actions on cytokine production.…”

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Proteome in Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome: Possible Role for Surfactant Protein A in Disease Onset

“…We included a total of 26 Table 2. Neutrophilic and eosinophilic alveolitis was observed in BOS patients as compared with stable LTRs.…”

Exogenous Lung Surfactant Decreases Interleukin-8 Production and Increases Leukocytes Population and Total Immunoglobulins in Rabbits

“…Previous studies have shown that presence of IL-8 in clinical samples is associated with lung disease. Therefore, it is proposed that controlling IL-8 level may be a feasible therapeutic strategy for management of lung disease (11,12). Exogenous lung surfactant (ELS) obtained from natural sources is a valuable drug candidate in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and other respiratory disorders (13).…”