Surfaceome and Exoproteome Dynamics in Dual-Species Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms

Abstract

Bacterial biofilms are an important underlying cause for chronic infections. By switching into the biofilm state, bacteria can evade host defenses and withstand antibiotic chemotherapy. Despite the fact that biofilms at clinical and environmental settings are mostly composed of multiple microbial species, biofilm research has largely been focused on single-species biofilms. In this study, we investigated the interaction between two clinically relevant bacterial pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) by label-free quantitative proteomics focusing on proteins associated with the bacterial cell surfaces (surfaceome) and proteins exported/released to the extracellular space (exoproteome). The changes observed in the surfaceome and exoproteome of P. aeruginosa pointed toward higher motility and lower pigment production when co-cultured with S. aureus. In S. aureus, lower abundances of proteins related to cell wall biosynthesis and cell division, suggesting increased persistence, were observed in the dual-species biofilm. Complementary phenotypic analyses confirmed the higher motility and the lower pigment production in P. aeruginosa when co-cultured with S. aureus. Higher antimicrobial tolerance associated with the co-culture setting was additionally observed in both species. To the best of our knowledge, this study is among the first systematic explorations providing insights into the dynamics of both the surfaceome and exoproteome of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa dual-species biofilms.

Exploring Antibiotic Susceptibility in Otomycosis: Uncovering Mixed Infections of Fungal and Bacterial Origin in Indonesia

“…Both P. aeruginosa isolates showed susceptibility to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and carbapenems, and both of them were ESBL-producers. The identification of resistance phenotypes in this study agrees with the literature on escalating antibiotic resistance [10,11,32,33] . These findings demonstrate the need for responsible antibiotic stewardship guided by local susceptibility profiles rather than empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic use, which could exacerbate antibiotic resistance.…”

The Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa DsbA-1 in Bacterial Pathogenesis: Current Research and Future Prospects

“…Alginate is a mucous polysaccharide that is made of individual sugar units that are assembled in the cell and extruded out as a polymer. It is an important virulence determinant of P. aeruginosa [11,12]. Especially in the context of persistent Cystic Pseudomonas aeruginosa -New Perspectives and Applications fibrosis infections, where opportunistic P. aeruginosa infections can and do turn lethal.…”

“…DsbA has been implicated in Biofilm formation as well [12]. Inés Reigada et al a dual mix species biofilm of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, proteins were assessed in the surfaceome and exoproteome compartments were determined for both bacterial species and compared between monospecies biofilms and dual-species biofilms [12]. DsbA levels were elevated in P. aeruginosa surfaceome.…”

Antimicrobial betalains

“…S. aureus and P. aeruginosa can coexist in different types of infections, for example chronic wound infections. Dual‐species biofilms produced by these bacteria increase their virulence and tolerance, making them more resistant to antibiotics (Reigada et al, 2021 ). The findings from Yong et al ( 2019 ) and Yong et al ( 2021 ) show the potential of betacyanin to be used as an anti‐biofilm agent and should therefore be explored further in future investigations.…”