Surface wave transmission line theory for single and many wire systems

Schaich, Tobias; Molnár, Dániel; Rawi, Anas Al; Payne, Mike C.

doi:10.1063/5.0059393

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…Generally, the circuit-concept approach, which assumes combining simple elements [1] does not confirm with the EM field-based principal mode propagation formulation. Novel methods have been reported for introducing circuit parameters for a single-conductor line in terms of the EM field associated with the principal mode (see, e.g., [29], [30]). However, such methods cannot be applied to bent singleconductor line structures.…”

Section: B Continuity Condition and The Single-conductor Tl Equation ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Conductor Transmission-Line Model for Bent Wire Structures

Tashiro

Sameshima

Hisakado

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.

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A bend in a single-conductor line is a primary cause of radiation associated with the antenna mode; conversely, the radiation is fed back, resulting in attenuation and distortion of the current waveform. Despite being a fundamental phenomenon, its dynamics have not been sufficiently characterized. Therefore, this study presents a single-conductor transmission-line model for bent wire structures comprising multiple straight elements by using the local variables of charge per-unit-length and current along a thin conductor. The proposed model is validated over a wide frequency range using the method of moments. The total charge and current distributions that an external field induces on a bent structure are classified into three components: the scattering source distribution, traveling wave corresponding to the Sommerfeld mode, and radiation reaction. These components suggest an overall field-line coupling process: initially, an external electromagnetic field induces a scattering current in the structure, which in turn drives traveling and radiation-reaction currents at the ends, resulting in propagation along the line accompanied by radiation losses. The presented model is advantageous for designing electromagnetic phenomena corresponding to antennas and metamaterials and for addressing electromagnetic interference problems using passive circuit elements. A case study that makes use of the precise and descriptive model is included to predict the field emissions associated with the antenna mode around a bend.

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Section: B Continuity Condition and The Single-conductor Tl Equation ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Conductor Transmission-Line Model for Bent Wire Structures

Tashiro

Sameshima

Hisakado

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.

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“…Ordinary skin-effect theory [23] shows that the term Z w in parenthesis is nothing less than the well-known pul skin effect impedance of the wire. Hence, from (15) and (12) we write:…”

Section: Energy Flow Skin Effect Wave Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transcendental equation in (12) for the computation of the axial propagation constant γ can be rewritten explicitly and conveniently in terms of the pul skin effect impedance of the wire Z w . From ( 12) and ( 16), we find:…”

Section: Propagation Parameters Estimation For Low Frequenciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to ''low'' frequency phenomena, up to the UHF band, surface wave applications are also making their way, receiving more and more attention. For example, exploring new channels for high-speed communications on existing wiring infrastructures [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14]; improving the mid-range wireless transfer problem [15], [16]; modeling overhead power lines in high-frequency regions [17], and modeling power line towers struck by lightning [18], [19]. In this context, several papers addressing surface wave problems have referred to or dealt with the concept of per-unit-length capacitance and inductance parameters [12], [20], [21], [22], targeting an alternative circuit-type description of surface wave propagation phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Wave, Skin Effect, and Per Unit Length Parameters of the Single-Wire Transmission Line at Low Frequency, for Nonmagnetic and Magnetic Wires

2023

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Surface wave technology for high-speed communications is a current research topic aimed to respond to increasing data rate demands on existing copper infrastructures. Also, the topic of surface waves has recently gained importance in the modeling of transmission line towers hit by lightning strikes with spectral content in the megahertz band. The single-wire transmission line structure (return conductor absent) cannot support TEM waves; it supports a TM Sommerfeld wave fully described by two propagation constants and two characteristic impedances. Nonetheless, the literature on single-wire transmission-line structures has been employing quasi-static per unit length constitutive parameters, inductance and capacitance, borrowed from ordinary two-conductor transmission line TEM analysis. This work develops, discusses, and compares various possible definitions of these constitutive parameters using different physical approaches: TEMapproach, circuit-approach, and energy-approach. Numerical results for nonmagnetic and magnetic wires, copper and steel wires, respectively, are obtained in the range 1 Hz to 1 GHz. Our analysis shows that in some circumstances the TEM and circuit approaches may lead to nonphysical results, but, remarkably, all the approaches seem to converge to a common dominant term either in the per unit length capacitance or in the per unit length inductance, whose product is frequency-invariant. Considering the different approaches under discussion, the differences among the observed results for the per unit length constitutive parameters are negligibly small, of second-order importance.

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“…This technique could be useful, where line of sight communication is not possible and other transmission lines become very lossy. Theoretical and experimental work on surface wave propagation over SCTL is extensively reported by many researchers [3][4][5][6][7]. The signal on SCTL propagates in the form of surface wave or TM mode (transverse magnetic).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open-Circuit Fault Detection in a Single Conductor Transmission Line Using TM0 Mode Launcher

Yadav

Chittora

2023

International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engine

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A novel surface wave (SW) launcher design for power line fault detection is presented in this paper. The launcher is capable of converting TE10 to TM0 mode and exciting SW signal at 5.5 GHz frequency with high efficiency, on a single conductor line. The average attenuation of 2 dB/m and front to back ratio of 19 dB are observed and verified by simulation and experiments. Effect of bend, nearby obstacles, and extra wire connection on SW propagation is also investigated by experiments, and corresponding S-parameter results are presented. The optimization of launcher design with dielectric window and conical back plate is also demonstrated. The proposed launcher is compact and lightweight and can be easily installed without damaging the conductor line. Close structure makes it capable of withstanding outdoor environmental conditions. Using this launcher, microwave signal can be efficiently transmitted and received over existing conductor lines such as live power lines, pipes, and HVAC ducts, and it can be used in applications such as power line communication, fault detection, and permittivity measurement.

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Surface wave transmission line theory for single and many wire systems

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

Single-Conductor Transmission-Line Model for Bent Wire Structures

Single-Conductor Transmission-Line Model for Bent Wire Structures

Surface Wave, Skin Effect, and Per Unit Length Parameters of the Single-Wire Transmission Line at Low Frequency, for Nonmagnetic and Magnetic Wires

Open-Circuit Fault Detection in a Single Conductor Transmission Line Using TM0 Mode Launcher

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