Surface wave surveys for imaging ground property changes due to a leaking water pipe

Dashwood, Ben; Gunn, David; Curioni, Giulio; Inauen, C.; Swift, R.; Chapman, David; Royal, Alexander; Hobbs, Peter; Reeves, Helen; Taxil, Julien

doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2019.103923

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The in‐situ water pressure was compared with the stimulated water pressure, which was obtained from the formula established in Section 3.1. Following noticeable pressure transients, leakages are frequently suspected 28 . Figure 5 shows the EPANET simulation results with different water pressure transients in the water supply network.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In‐situ leakage diagnosis of urban water supply network by fire hydrants and EPANET simulation

Chen

2023

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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A method of in‐situ leakage diagnosis of a water supply network using fire hydrant water flow measurements and simulation by EPANET software was established. A network with 1032 m of water distribution pipes and 350 user‐side water meters in Taipei was separated into five zones. The lowest volume of daily water flow occurred between 1:00 a.m. and 6:00 a.m., with values ranging from 0.004 to 0.785 m3/min; these data can be regarded as a minimum value of water leakage in the network at midnight. The volume of water leakage was strongly correlated with observed pressure transients, enabling the measurement of the water leakage in the network, which ranged from 5.76 to 628 m3/d. The total water leakage simulated by EPANET was 1.48 m3/d in the network. Although this value deviated by 23% from the District Metered Area (DMA) results, both EPANET and DMA tools confirmed that zones 4 and 5 had severe water leakage problems. Simplifying valves and combining neighboring pipes of the same diameter during the EPANET simulation was efficiently tackle water leakage. EPANET allows for quick diagnosis of the water leakage areas, whereas the DMA tool allows for precise measurements of water volume and pressure. The costs of in‐situ diagnosis and EPANET simulation include instruments, labor, and time, and are estimated to be lower than those of the DMA tool. Furthermore, the methodology of this study can reduce the risks of underground working disasters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following noticeable pressure transients, leakages are frequently suspected. 28 Figure 5 shows the EPANET simulation results with different water pressure transients in the water supply network. S1).…”

Section: Epanet Simulation Results In the Water Supply Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐situ leakage diagnosis of urban water supply network by fire hydrants and EPANET simulation

Chen

2023

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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“…The authors of [19] applied a method of multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) to measure a speed change in the Rayleigh waves. A Rayleigh wave speed depends on the soil shear module.…”

Section: Literature Review and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elasticity is related to shear strength via the structural matrix of the soil, which is affected by the size, shape, friction, and bonds between the grains that make up the soil skeleton [27]. Density and shear strength are interrelated with the compaction degree, which is often expressed by a soil porosity coefficient [19].…”

Section: Literature Review and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Devising a procedure for assessing the subgrade compaction degree based on the propagation rate of elastic waves

Kovalchuk

Kravets

Nabochenko

et al. 2021

EEJET

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This paper reports the analysis of the methods for estimating the technical condition of the subgrade underneath a constructed railroad track or road during its operation. The study results have proven that the issue related to monitoring and controlling high-quality compaction of a heterogeneous subgrade remains relevant and requires the construction of reliable experimental methods for assessing the subgrade degree of compaction. A procedure for determining the compaction of subgrade in the laboratory has been devised, based on inertial microcomputer technologies, which makes it possible to assess the degree of compaction of subgrade soils depending on the propagation rate of an impact's elastic waves. An experimental study has been performed into the propagation rate of elastic waves across a homogeneous subgrade made of coarse-grained sand and a heterogeneous subgrade made of coarse sand with a layer of clay in the middle of the prism. The study results established that the propagation rate of an elastic wave in a heterogeneous subgrade accepts a lower value than the rate of wave propagation in a homogeneous subgrade. Through the dynamic interpretation, by using a discriminant statistical analysis, the characteristic features have been defined in the distribution of accelerations in the body of the homogeneous and heterogeneous subgrade, depending on the degree of compaction, which would make it possible to monitor the state of the subgrade during operation. As the degree of the subgrade soil compaction affects the technical condition of roads

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“…Rayleigh waves are especially sensitive to the heterogeneities in the S‐wave velocity structure, which makes them ideal in imaging near‐surface scatterers such as filled ditches or sinkholes (Groos et al ., 2017). Examples involving the use of surface waves include mapping the remains of building foundations (Dokter et al ., 2017), prediction of geological structures ahead of a tunnel boring machine (Jetschny et al ., 2011), investigation of near‐surface caverns, cavities or tunnels (Gelis et al ., 2005; Kaslilar et al ., 2013; Shao et al ., 2016; Filippi et al ., 2019; Mohamed et al ., 2019), fault detection (Yu et al ., 2016) and soil profiling (Bergamo and Socco, 2016; Dashwood et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling 3D elastodynamic wave scattering due to density and Lamé parameter contrasts of near‐surface scatterers

Harmankaya

Kaslilar

2022

Near Surface Geophysics

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Investigating the near-surface structure of the Earth through geophysical methods is a crucial aspect in many areas of study in geotechnical engineering, environmental science and exploration. Among several geophysical methods, seismic-based ones are widely used for characterizing near-surface features that are distinguished by contrasts in elastic parameters. In this paper, we model 3D elastodynamic wave propagation and scattering using a method based on domain-type integral representation with Born approximation. We calculate the scattered wavefield by considering the first-order perturbations in density and Lamé parameter contrasts of scatterers. Contrasts in Lamé parameters can be useful for determining the material properties of subsurface structures in cases of weak contrasts in velocities accompanying considerable Lamé parameter variations. We examine the effects of each parameter contrast on a series of models involving a subsurface scatterer. We also compare the seismograms obtained from our method with those from a 3D finite-difference wavefield modelling program, where we observe good agreement between the modelling results. Sensitivity of the wavefield to the perturbation in each model parameter is also examined by calculating and analysing the Fréchet derivatives. In general, the method discussed here can provide a solid foundation for prospective imaging studies involving density and Lamé parameters simultaneously.

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Surface wave surveys for imaging ground property changes due to a leaking water pipe

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

In‐situ leakage diagnosis of urban water supply network by fire hydrants and EPANET simulation

In‐situ leakage diagnosis of urban water supply network by fire hydrants and EPANET simulation

Devising a procedure for assessing the subgrade compaction degree based on the propagation rate of elastic waves

Modelling 3D elastodynamic wave scattering due to density and Lamé parameter contrasts of near‐surface scatterers

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