Surface-Wave Launchers for Beam Steering and Application to Planar Leaky-Wave Antennas

Podilchak, Symon K.; Freundorfer, A.P.; Antar, Yahia M. M.

doi:10.1109/tap.2008.2011248

Cited by 66 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The concepts defining artificial dielectrics [2] can also describe the proposed planar metallic SW lens, mainly since, the medium representing the lens can be characterized as a transverse-periodic microstrip guide (TPMG) with a transverse or spatial periodicity, d, that is also subwavelength. The printed lens source was realized by a directive surfacewave launcher (SWL) element [3], [4] and fed by a 50-Ω coplanar feedline extending to the substrate periphery. To ensure efficient coupling into the dominant TM 0 SW mode of the GDS, an electrically thick slab of height, h, with a relatively high dielectric constant value (ε r = 10.2) was employed as the host guiding structure.…”

Section: Paper Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and design of planar metallic surface lenses for controlled wave guidance

Podilchak

Antar

Freundorfer

2013

2013 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (APSURSI)

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Surface waves (SWs) on planar substrates are generally considered an adverse effect that can degrade the performance of printed circuits and antenna arrays. However, with appropriate conditions, these SW fields can be employed for controlled propagation along a planar guiding surface. For example, by the addition of a periodic configuration of microstrip lines printed on top of a grounded dielectric slab, an effective phase constant can be achieved, refracting cylindrical SWs transmitted from a slot source etched in the ground plane. A design approach for these surface lenses is presented as well as a specific structure that can generate a bound and guided plane-wave. Applications for these printed metallic lenses include new quasi-optical circuits, novel planar feeds, as well as lowcost leaky-wave antennas for microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies. I. PAPER SUMMARYThe concept of lensing at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies has sustained much interest in the electromagnetics community [1]-[2]. In general, two different materials can be used to achieve refraction, where the phase velocity of a transmitted wave is altered when passing from one medium to another which can offer the divergence or convergence of freespace waves. This technique for classic field control has also been adopted when designing planar, quasi-optical devices. In particular, one approach to construct a conventional dielectricbased lens for such circuit systems is to embed a new dielectric material (or machine an air-gap) within a host substrate.Similarly, volumetric lens antenna structures for wave control [2] have also been realized by the periodic loading of metallic elements within a host dielectric. In such 3-D lens designs the refractive index, n, or the normalized phase propagation constant,β = β k 0 , can be altered when compared to the surrounding medium. Physically speaking, the propagation of an incident wave can be controlled when a host dielectric medium is periodically loaded with such subwavelength metallic inclusions. This artificial material can be characterized as an effective dielectric constant which can be slightly larger than that of the unloaded medium.In an effort to ease fabrication in such a complex 3-D system, new planar metallic surface wave (SW) lenses are investigated in this work as illustrated in Fig. 1. In particular, by the addition of a periodic configuration of microstrip lines (of width W ) placed on top of a grounded dielectric slab (GDS) which supports planar SWs, a phase constant value can be engineered that is larger than that of the surrounding dielectric medium. The concepts defining artificial dielectrics [2] can Fig. 1. Planar metallic surface lens for control of bound TM SWs. The surface representing the lens region can be modeled as a longitudinal configuration of printed lines having width, W , and subwavelength periodicity, d (<< λ 0 ).also describe the proposed planar metallic SW lens, mainly since, the medium representing the lens can be characterized as a transverse-periodic micro...

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Section: Paper Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and design of planar metallic surface lenses for controlled wave guidance

Podilchak

Antar

Freundorfer

2013

2013 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (APSURSI)

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“…Measured evanescent field strength readings (and analogous simulated values) were collected using a near field probe traversed (0.5 mm above the air-dielectric interface) on an arc centered (radius, r 0 = 4.5 cm and r 0 >> λ SW ) at the main slot. The measured fields along this arc represent the SW field distributions at a significant distance from the SWL source and thus can represent the SW beam pattern on the GDS [3]. It should be noted that no gratings or strips were included in theses measurements and simulations.…”

Section: A Bound Field Distributions Generated By a Single Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beam steering at other pointing angles, θ p , can also be realized by the appropriate aperture and source configuration. Since the steered SW fields from the SWL array are directed along the slab, LWs are also contained within a specified region as well [8] and the steered SW field distribution dictates the region of LW field excitation on the guiding surface, realizing the controlled far field beam patterns that are steered at a single frequency [3], [4].…”

Section: Leaky-wave Antenna Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently a two element linear array of directive SWLs was presented for steering and controlling SWs along a planar guiding surface [3]. In that work bound SWs were directed from the origin of the SWL array along a single axis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Field strength maxima were steered ±18 • away from that main axis by varying the relative phase difference between SWL elements. Concepts were extended to one-sided beam steering in the far field by the addition of an elliptical [3] and circular grating configuration [4] on top of the slab.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new configuration of printed non-directive surface-wave sources for advanced beam control

Podilchak

Freundorfer

Antar

2010

2010 14th International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics &Amp; The American Electromagnetics Confer

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An array of surface-wave launcher (SWL) sources is presented for surface-wave (SW) control and beam steering on a grounded dielectric slab (GDS). Specifically, a four element array configuration of non-directive SWLs is investigated. By varying the relative phase difference and magnitude between SWL elements, the excited SW field distribution on the guiding surface can be steered and controlled. Simulations and measurements of a single SWL element are provided along with simulations of the proposed array. If metallic gratings or strips, or additional dielectric layers are placed on top of the GDS, the bound SWs can be transformed into radiated leaky-waves (LWs) and directive beam patterns can be generated in the far field. Examples are provided illustrating that broadside beam steering and circular polarization can be achieved at a single frequency. These slotted SWL arrays can be useful for novel SW beam scanning designs and other LW or cavity based antennas.

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Improved Numerical Estimation Method for Surface Wave Attenuation on Metasurfaces

Suzuki,

Dang,

Homma

et al. 2024

Advcd Theory and Sims

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Comprehensive numerical tools to investigate and analyze the surface wave attenuation on a metasurface waveguide that consists of periodic patches deposited on a dielectric substrate are presented. The surface wave attenuation is evaluated in both waveguide and open‐space environments at high frequencies around the 28‐GHz band. Two approaches including a driven modal approach and an integrated eigenmode approach for investigating the attenuation behaviors in a metasurface waveguide operating in transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode are employed. These results show different attenuation values depending on the waveguide height due to an unavoidable coupling issue despite the same metasurface design. Thus, an alternative method for more accurately evaluating the frequency‐dependent attenuation characteristics through field distribution in open space with a customized horn antenna is proposed. A relationship between the surface wave attenuation and the propagation distance by analyzing the analytical electric field distribution at different points on the propagation path in the open space is established. Thus, this study provides an improved method for assessing surface wave attenuation characteristics, which contributes to designing surface wave control for wireless communications, wireless power transfer, signal processing, and electromagnetic compatibility.

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Surface-Wave Launchers for Beam Steering and Application to Planar Leaky-Wave Antennas

Cited by 66 publications

References 14 publications

Analysis and design of planar metallic surface lenses for controlled wave guidance

Analysis and design of planar metallic surface lenses for controlled wave guidance

A new configuration of printed non-directive surface-wave sources for advanced beam control

Improved Numerical Estimation Method for Surface Wave Attenuation on Metasurfaces

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