Surface‐water availability governs survival of an amphibian in arid mountain streams

Zylstra, Erin R.; Swann, Don E.; Steidl, Robert J.

doi:10.1111/fwb.13204

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…We opted for the simpler approach given that lowland leopard frogs have limited dispersal capabilities and low rates of post‐metamorphic survival (Zylstra et al. ). Finally, we allowed detection probability to vary between spring and fall sampling periods, vary with observer experience, and vary with availability of surface water:

\begin{matrix} logit (p_{i, k, t}) = & {normalα}_{p} + {normalβ}_{p . f a l l} (f a l l_{t}) + {normalβ}_{p . o b s} (o b s_{i, k, t}) \\ + {normalβ}_{p . w a t e r} (w a t e r_{i, k, t}) + {normalβ}_{p . w a t e r 2} (w a t e r_{i, k, t}^{2}) \end{matrix}

where α p is mean detection probability of experienced observers in spring on the logit scale.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, we might have modeled d B;i;j;t instead of d B;i;t and incorporated covariates to represent differences in habitat characteristics between sites i and j, similar to other gradient-based approaches that have been used for birds (Broms et al 2016). We opted for the simpler approach given that lowland leopard frogs have limited dispersal capabilities and low rates of post-metamorphic survival (Zylstra et al 2019). Finally, we allowed detection probability to vary between spring and fall sampling periods, vary with observer experience, and vary with availability of surface water:…”

Section: Model Implementation and Inferencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drought‐mediated extinction of an arid‐land amphibian: insights from a spatially explicit dynamic occupancy model

Zylstra

Swann

Hossack

et al. 2019

Ecological Applications

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Understanding how natural and anthropogenic processes affect population dynamics of species with patchy distributions is critical to predicting their responses to environmental changes. Despite considerable evidence that demographic rates and dispersal patterns vary temporally in response to an array of biotic and abiotic processes, few applications of metapopulation theory have sought to explore factors that explain spatiotemporal variation in extinction or colonization rates. To facilitate exploring these factors, we extended a spatially explicit model of metapopulation dynamics to create a framework that requires only binary presence–absence data, makes few assumptions about the dispersal process, and accounts for imperfect detection. We apply this framework to 22 yr of biannual survey data for lowland leopard frogs, Lithobates yavapaiensis, an amphibian that inhabits arid stream systems in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Our results highlight the importance of accounting for factors that govern temporal variation in transition probabilities, as both extinction and colonization rates varied with hydrologic conditions. Specifically, local extinctions were more frequent during drought periods, particularly at sites without reliable surface water. Colonization rates increased when larval and dispersal periods were wetter than normal, which increased the probability that potential emigrants metamorphosed and reached neighboring sites. Extirpation of frogs from all sites in one watershed during a period of severe drought demonstrated the influence of site‐level features, as frogs persisted only in areas where most sites held water consistently and where the amount of sediment deposited from high‐elevation wildfires was low. Application of our model provided novel insights into how climate‐related processes affected the distribution and population dynamics of an arid‐land amphibian. The approach we describe has application to a wide array of species that inhabit patchy environments, can improve our understanding of factors that govern metapopulation dynamics, and can inform strategies for conservation of imperiled species.

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\begin{matrix} logit (p_{i, k, t}) = & {normalα}_{p} + {normalβ}_{p . f a l l} (f a l l_{t}) + {normalβ}_{p . o b s} (o b s_{i, k, t}) \\ + {normalβ}_{p . w a t e r} (w a t e r_{i, k, t}) + {normalβ}_{p . w a t e r 2} (w a t e r_{i, k, t}^{2}) \end{matrix}

where α p is mean detection probability of experienced observers in spring on the logit scale.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Implementation and Inferencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought‐mediated extinction of an arid‐land amphibian: insights from a spatially explicit dynamic occupancy model

Zylstra

Swann

Hossack

et al. 2019

Ecological Applications

Self Cite

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“…Droughts can also trigger wildfires (Littell et al, 2016), which in turn can have deleterious effects on amphibians (Zylstra et al, 2019), fishes (Turner et al, 2015) and invertebrates (Robson et al, 2018; Verkaik et al, 2015) populations and communities. For example, Zylstra et al (2019) showed that leopard frog populations declined during drought years and downstream of sites exposed to wildfires due to increased post‐fire erosion. Robson et al (2018) also found that fires and droughts could have antagonistic effects on the invertebrate communities of Australian streams.…”

Section: Ecohydrological Interactions In Ires During Droughtsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such warming may induce increased and premature organism mortality, as well as changes in microbial (Arias Font et al, 2021) and fish activity (Mameri et al, 2020). Droughts can also trigger wildfires (Littell et al, 2016), which in turn can have deleterious effects on amphibians (Zylstra et al, 2019), fishes (Turner et al, 2015) and invertebrates (Robson et al, 2018; Verkaik et al, 2015) populations and communities. For example, Zylstra et al (2019) showed that leopard frog populations declined during drought years and downstream of sites exposed to wildfires due to increased post‐fire erosion.…”

Section: Ecohydrological Interactions In Ires During Droughtsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought in intermittent river and ephemeral stream networks

2021

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Intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES), those watercourses that periodically cease to flow or dry, are the world's most widespread type of river ecosystem.Our understanding of the natural hydrology and ecology of IRES has greatly improved, but their responses to extreme events such as drought remain a research frontier. In this review, we present the state of the art, knowledge gaps and research directions on droughts in IRES from an ecohydrological perspective. We clarify the definition of droughts in IRES, giving recommendations to promote transferability in how ecohydrological studies characterize droughts in non-perennial stream networks. Based on a systematic search of the literature, we also identify common patterns and sources of variation in the ecological responses of IRES to droughts and provide a roadmap for further research to enable improved understanding and management of IRES during those extreme hydrological events. Confusion in the terminology and the lack of tools to assess the hydrological responses of IRES to drought may have hindered the development of drought research in IRES. We found that 44% of studies confused the term drought with seasonal drying and that those that measure droughts in a transferable way are a minority. Studies on ecological responses to drought in IRES networks are still rare and limited to a few climatic zones and organisms and mainly explored in perennial sections. Our review highlights the need for additional research on this topic to inform IRES management and conservation.

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“…Instead, as employed in the present study, the measurement of isotope composition (δ 2 H, δ 18 O) of related water components offers the opportunity for understanding the budgets of water in natural soil–plant systems. Most studies on the isotopic composition of dew have been carried out in arid and semiarid regions. − Humid grassland has rarely been studied, although even there small amounts of water from dew formation can be highly beneficial for plants . Dew may become even more important in humid grassland in cases where leaves were detached from their roots and the soil water source to produce silage or hay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Wilting and Dew on the Water Isotope Composition of Detached Grass in Temperate Grassland

Chen

Sun

Auerswald

2019

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Understanding the water isotopes in feed products derived from grass is fundamental for tracing domestic animal products. Grass silage water was reported to have fewer heavy isotopes than fresh grass, but it is still unknown whether dew formation (either dewfall or dewrise), exchange with soil water, or other processes override the expected enrichment of heavy isotopes due to wilting. The isotopic variations of water (δ2H, δ18O) in fresh grass and cut grass during wilting on soil and on plastic were compared in this study. Drying enriched heavier isotopes, but this was overridden by three processes that finally caused low δ2H and δ18O values: (i) the adsorption of humidity from the surroundings, (ii) the exchange with humidity, and (iii) the depletion of heavy water isotopes close to organic surfaces, called the surface effect, which was the most dominant effect at the end of drying when the water content became low.

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Surface‐water availability governs survival of an amphibian in arid mountain streams

Cited by 7 publications

References 52 publications

Drought‐mediated extinction of an arid‐land amphibian: insights from a spatially explicit dynamic occupancy model

Drought‐mediated extinction of an arid‐land amphibian: insights from a spatially explicit dynamic occupancy model

Drought in intermittent river and ephemeral stream networks

Effects of Wilting and Dew on the Water Isotope Composition of Detached Grass in Temperate Grassland

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