Surface-treated carbon electrodes with modified potential of zero charge for capacitive deionization

Wu, Tingting; Wang, Gang; Zhan, Fei; Dong, Qiang; Ren, Qidi; Wang, Jianren; Qiu, Jieshan

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2016.02.004

Cited by 200 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Salt adsorption capacity calculation . The cumulative salt adsorption capacity (Γ in mg salt adsorbed per g electrode mass) was calculated as a function of applied cell voltage – analogous to its usual integration with time – from the cyclic voltammetry and pH‐corrected concentration data by using Equation :

true Γ = \frac{M_{w} Φ}{ν M_{e}} \int_{V = 0}^{V_{c e l l}} (c_{normalN normala normalC normall}^{normalo} - c_{normalN normala normalC normall}^{normalV}) normald V

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi‐Steady‐State Polarization Reveals the Interplay of Capacitive and Faradaic Processes in Capacitive Deionization

et al. 2017

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We employ slow cyclic voltammetry to study the quasi‐steady‐state capacitive deionization (CDI) of aerated 10 mM NaCl from Vcell=−0.2 to 2 V. The method allows for the deconvolution of capacitive and faradaic processes, which are significant even at low voltage, in conjunction with pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), and electrode potential measurements. The pH at three locations and effluent DO data identify asymmetric electrosorption in the cell configured with pristine activated carbon electrodes, where charge is irreversibly consumed to produce H+/OH− instead of reversibly adsorbing Cl−/Na+. Implementing a reference electrode resolves ion adsorption as a function of the individual potential at each electrode. Near‐electrode pH probes reveal pH environments that diverge by up to 8 units during cell polarization and allow more accurate calculation of faradaic redox potentials in a flow‐by CDI cell. In the aerated NaCl solution that will be relevant to industrial‐scale water treatment, we find that DO reduction occurs to a greater degree than Na+ adsorption at the cathode until DO removal becomes mass transfer limited at <−0.2 V vs. SHE. Two cell architectures – flow‐by and flow‐through – corroborate our findings. Finally, we reconcile all measurements to generate a map displaying how the potential is partitioned amongst the capacitive and faradaic processes occurring during CDI operation over a 2.2 V window.

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true Γ = \frac{M_{w} Φ}{ν M_{e}} \int_{V = 0}^{V_{c e l l}} (c_{normalN normala normalC normall}^{normalo} - c_{normalN normala normalC normall}^{normalV}) normald V

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi‐Steady‐State Polarization Reveals the Interplay of Capacitive and Faradaic Processes in Capacitive Deionization

et al. 2017

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“…Shortage of fresh water is serious problem for many regions. A lot of various desalination technologies is used to solve this problem [42]. One of them is biosorption.…”

Section: 1experimentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

A theoretical overview of heavy metal treatment with agricultural wastes

Gökalp

2020

Sakarya University Journal of Science

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Tomato plant between Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ with tomato waste having amino and the other functional groups waste contain cellulose materials(lignin), polysaccharides having functional groups having the ability of binding heavy metals as sorbents is commonly cultivated plant for its fruits. Aim of this study to determine the best alternative way to search the binding capacity of agricultural waste as theoretical to remove heavy metals with tomato plant from waste waters as economically by comparing experimental results respectively. The capacities of adsorption for heavy metals (Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II)) of the tomato plant residue were 0.092, 0.533 and 0.238 mmol/g sorbent. As theoretical, HF (Hartree-fock), lanl2dz methods were used for molecular calculation. The theoretical calculations were carried out by means of the lanl2dz functional base. The chemical activities were calculated by using this method. The removal of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ found lower than Cu 2+ because of the strong complex formation as experimental and theoretical calculations supported this issue. Theoretical calculations are important to prevent loss of time and cost.

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“…1.11. Recent scientific developments are on electrode materials [11,33,51,[88][89][90][91][92][93], novel cell designs, ranging from desalination with wires [80] to flow electrodes [5,72,73], or on new operational modes or ion-selective removal [28,47,[94][95][96]. Also, studies are conducted to quantify resistances and energy losses in the CDI cell [4,97,98], or to identify parasitic reactions that may result in pH changes [8,[99][100][101].…”

Section: Recent Scientific and Commercial Interest In Capacitive Deiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…because of carboxylic structures [9,90], or basic groups, because of protonated structures bound to carbon particles [183,184].…”

Section: Theory 133mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Desalination with porous electrodes : Mechanisms of ion transport and adsorption

Dykstra¹

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Surface-treated carbon electrodes with modified potential of zero charge for capacitive deionization

Cited by 200 publications

References 41 publications

Quasi‐Steady‐State Polarization Reveals the Interplay of Capacitive and Faradaic Processes in Capacitive Deionization

Quasi‐Steady‐State Polarization Reveals the Interplay of Capacitive and Faradaic Processes in Capacitive Deionization

A theoretical overview of heavy metal treatment with agricultural wastes

Desalination with porous electrodes : Mechanisms of ion transport and adsorption

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