Surface topography analysis for a feasibility assessment of a national ballistics imaging database

Abstract

Areal Cross Correlation Function, a statistical function of three dimensional surface topography ANOVA Analysis of Variance ATF Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives BF Breech face CCF Cross Correlation Function, a statistical function of two dimensional surface topography DAS Data Acquisition Station, a component of IBIS (below) EEEL Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory, an organizational unit of NIST FP Firing pin

Optimal compression and binarization of signature profiles for automated bullet identification systems

“…[14], is calculated here in order to characterize the quality of the separation (or the degree of overlap) between distributions of matching and non-matching correlation scores. The overlap metric describes the probability that the cross correlation value of a randomly chosen member of the non-matching distribution is larger than the cross correlation value of a randomly chosen member from the matching distribution.…”

Pilot Study of Automated Bullet Signature Identification Based on Topography Measurements and Correlations*†

“…To analyze the effect of the width of the LEA for bullet classification, a sample of bullets fired by a variety of firearms created by Intelligent Automation, Inc. (IAI, Rockville, MD) is used (16,17). Nine different barrel models of 9 mm firearms, most of them frequently used in crimes, were fired in that study.…”

Traceability for ballistics signature measurements in forensic science

“…In order to establish measurement traceability and quality assurance for laboratory assessment and accreditation using the ISO 17025 standard [5], the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in collaboration with the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) has developed Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2460 Bullets and 2461 Casings [6]. NIST has also developed a 2D and 3D Topography Measurement and Correlation System for ballistics signature measurements [6][7][8][9]. In response to the guidelines recently issued by the ASCLD/LAB-International (American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors/Laboratory Accreditation Board) [10] to establish traceability and quality assurance for US ballistics signature measurements, NIST and ATF have recently proposed a joint project to establish the National Ballistics Measurement Traceability and Quality System using the SRM Standard Bullets and Casings.…”