Surface tension of pure and water-containing ionic liquid C5MIBF4 (1-methyl-3-pentylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate)

Ambient temperature, zinc ion-conducting, binary molten electrolyte based on acetamide and zinc perchlorate: Application in rechargeable zinc batteries

“…The surface excess entropy and the surface excess energy have been determined to be 0.12 mJ K À1 m À2 and 81.8 mJ m À2 , respectively. The values are smaller than those observed in the case of fused salts of NaNO 3 [31] (E a = 146 mJ m À2 ) but slightly higher than the values observed for 1-methyl-3-pentylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (E a = 67 mJ m À2 ) [32] and 1-butyl-3-methylimdiazolium hexafluorophosphate (E a = 69.2 mJ m À2 at 336 K [33]); 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (E a = 57.6 mJ m À2 at 336 K [33]); benzene (E a = 67 mJ m À2 ), and n-octane (E a = 51.1 mJ m À2 [31]). The low surface excess energy of the binary mixture of acetamide and zinc perchlorate compared to fused salts such as NaNO 3 implies that the interaction energies among ions in the molten electrolytes are probably less than that observed in fused salts but are comparable to organic solvents and dialkylimidazolium-based molten solvents.…”

Applying a QSPR correlation to the prediction of surface tensions of ionic liquids

“…the estimated surface tensions were within absolute deviation of 0.00-1.00%, 21.3% of the estimated surface tensions were within absolute deviation of 1.001-3.00%, 29.8% were within 3.001-6.00%, 23.4% were within 6.001-9.00%, and only 8.5% were within 9.001-11.56%. Maximum absolute deviation is 11.56 for [C 5 mim][BF 4 ] (1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate) from Yang et al [56] at 298.15 K. It is also shown in Fig. 2 that the predicted surface tensions of the ionic liquids studied display a linear relationship with the experimental surface tensions at 298.15 K using Eq.…”

“…A value of d = 2147.761 ± 18.277 (mN m −1 )Å 2 in Eq. (9), provides a mean percent deviation (MPD) of 4.50% for the surface tensions at 298.15 K of 47 data points of a total 22 imidazolium based ILs containing [BF 4 ] − , [PF 6 ] − , [Tf 2 N] − , [TfO] − , [MeSO 4 ] − , [EtSO 4 ] − , [Cl] − , and [I] − as anions[31,49,50,[53][54][55][56][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. The predicted surface tensions (Y) of imidazolium based ILs display good agreement with corresponding experimental surface tensions (X) from Eq.…”

“…For 47 surface tension data points at 298.15 K of total 22 imidazolium based ILs, available in literature[31,49,50,[53][54][55][56][58][59][60][61][62][63][64], the MPD is 6.03%; 23.4% of the estimated surface tensions were within absolute deviation of 0.00-2.00%, 25.5% of the estimated surface tensions were within absolute deviation of 2.001-6.00%, 21.3% were within 6.001-9.00%, 17.0% were within 9.001-11.00%, and only 12.8% were within 11.001-12.36%. Maximum absolute deviation is 12.36 for [C10 mim][Tf 2 N] (1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) from Dzyuba and Bartsch [60] at 298.15 K. At wide range of temperatures (278.15-390 K), for 198 surface tension data points of total 25 imidazolium based ILs available in literature [31,49-64], Y = (1.009 ± 0.006)X (at 95% level of confidence) and the MPD is 7.18%; 14.6% of the estimated surface tensions were within absolute deviation of 0.00-2.00%, 26.3% of the estimated surface tensions were within absolute deviation of 2.001-6.00%, 25.3% were within 6.001-9.00%, 19.7% were within 9.001-12.00%, and only 14.1% were within 12.001-18.93%.…”

Densities and dynamic viscosities of the binary system (water+1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide) at different temperatures

“…To design any process involving ILs on an industrial scale, it is necessary to know a range of physical properties including viscosity and density. Furthermore, the presence of water in ILs can dramatically affect their physicochemical properties [7][8][9]. The excess thermodynamic properties are of great importance in understanding the nature of molecular aggregation that exists in the binary mixtures over the whole composition range [10].…”