Surface Tension Effects in the Sedimentation of Polymer Particles in Various Liquid Mixtures

Low-Rate Dynamic Contact Angles on Poly(methyl methacrylate) and the Determination of Solid Surface Tensions

“…Several independent approaches have been used to estimate solid surface tensions, including direct force measurements (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9), contact angles (10 -17), capillary penetration into columns of particle powder (18 -21), sedimentation of particles (22)(23)(24)(25), solidification fronts of particles (26 -33), film flotation (34 -38), gradient theory (39 -42), Lifshitz theory of van der Waals forces (42)(43)(44)(45), and the theory of molecular interactions (46 -49). Among these methods, contact angle measurements are believed to be the simplest approach for surface energetics.…”

Low-rate dynamic contact angles on poly[styrene-alt-(hexyl/10-carboxydecyl(90/10)maleimide)] and the determination of solid surface tensions

“…Several independent approaches have been used to estimate solid surface tensions, including direct force measurements [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] , contact angles [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] , capillary penetration into columns of particle powder [18][19][20][21] , sedimentation of particles [22][23][24][25] , solidification fronts of particles 26,27) , gradient theory 28) , and Lifshitz theory of van der Waals forces 28,29) . Among these methods, contact angle measurements are believed to be the simpliest approach.…”

Low-rate dynamic contact angles on poly(methyl methacrylate/ethyl methacrylate, 30/70) and the determination of solid surface tensions

“…However, because of the absence of surface mobility, a solid phase is very different from a liquid phase; hence, one cannot measure the surface tension of a solid phase directly as is the case for a liquid phase. Thus, several independent approaches have been used to estimate solid surface tensions, including direct force measurements, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] contact angles, 10 -17 capillary penetration into columns of particle powder, 18 -21 sedimentation of particles, [22][23][24][25] solidification fronts of particles, 26,27 gradient theory, 28 and Lifshitz theory of van der Waals forces. 28 Among these methods, contact angle measurements are believed to be the simpliest approach.…”