Surface Specific Heat of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>He</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts /><mml:none /><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>and Andreev Bound States

Choi, Hyun Joon; Davis, J.C; Pollanen, J.; Halperin, W. P.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.96.125301

Cited by 48 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…3) Such bound states will affect not only the dynamical properties but also thermodynamic properties such as specific heat, 33,49) superfluid mass density 3) and magnetic susceptibility. Hu 6) pointed out that the surface bound state carries a localized magnetic moment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Bound States in Superfluid ³He

et al. 2008

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Bound States in Superfluid ³He

et al. 2008

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“…At the weak coupling limit, the planar is energetically degenerate to the A-phase that is the time-reversal symmetry breaking phase with point nodes, while the strong coupling effect that is the spin-fluctuation feedback effect can stabilize the A-phase relative to the planar phase and the A-B phase boundary becomes the first order transition. The pair breaking effect and the enhancement of the surface density of states due to the surface bound state have been observed by several experiments, by using the NMR techniques [112,113,114,115,116,117,118,155,156,157], the motion of a vibrating wire resonator [158], transverse acoustic impedance [162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169], surface contributions of the heat capacity [160], and anomalous attenuation of transverse sound [161]. Among them, Murakawa et al [165,168] has observed the specularity dependence of the surface density of states by systematically controlling the surface specularity by coating the surface with 4 He layers.…”

Section: Thermodynamics In the Absence Of Dipole-dipole Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symmetry protected topological superfluid³He-B

Mizushima

Tsutsumi

Sato

et al. 2015

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

158

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Abstract.Owing to the richness of symmetry and well-established knowledge on the bulk superfluidity, the superfluid 3 He has offered a prototypical system to study intertwining of topology and symmetry. This article reviews recent progress in understanding the topological superfluidity of 3 He in a multifaceted manner, including symmetry consideration, the Jackiw-Rebbi's index theorem, and the quasiclassical theory. Special focus is placed on the symmetry protected topological superfuidity of the 3 He-B confined in a slab geometry. The 3 He-B under a magnetic field is separated to two different sub-phases: The symmetry protected topological phase and non-topological phase. The former phase is characterized by the existence of symmetry protected Majorana fermions. The topological phase transition between them is triggered off by the spontaneous breaking of a hidden discrete symmetry. The critical field is quantitatively determined from the microscopic calculation that takes account of magnetic dipole interaction of 3 He nucleus. It is also demonstrated that odd-frequency evenparity Cooper pair amplitudes are emergent in low-lying quasiparticles. The key ingredients, symmetry protected Majorana fermions and odd-frequency pairing, bring an important consequence that the coupling of the surface states to an applied field is prohibited by the hidden discrete symmetry, while the topological phase transition with the spontaneous symmetry breaking is accompanied by anomalous enhancement and anisotropic quantum criticality of surface spin susceptibility. We also illustrate common topological features between topological crystalline superconductors and symmetry protected topological superfluids, taking UPt 3 and Rashba superconductors as examples.

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“…There are several experimental means to detect the Majorana nature. Surface specific heat measurement, which was performed in connection with detection of the Andreev surface bound state, 42 resolves the side edge contribution C surface (T ) = γT of the A-phase in a thin slab at low temperatures, where γ ∝ N (E = 0), because the bulk contribution C bulk ∝ T 3 which comes from point nodes where N (E) ∝ E 2 is distinguishable. Note that, in the A-phase, the contribution from the two upper and lower specular surfaces in the slab geometry is the same as that from the bulk.…”

Section: B Stripe Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Majorana surface states of superfluidHe3AandB

Ichioka

Machida

2011

Phys. Rev. B

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Motivated by experiments on the superfluid 3 He confined in a thin slab, we design a concrete experimental setup for observing the Majorana surface states. We solve the quasi-classical Eilenberger equation, which is quantitatively reliable, to evaluate several quantities, such as local density of states (LDOS), mass current for the A-phase, and spin current for the B-phase. In connection with realistic slab samples, we consider the upper and lower surfaces and the side edges including the corners with several thicknesses. Consequently the influence on the Majorana zero modes from the spatial variation of l-vector for the A-phase in thick slabs and the energy splitting of the zeroenergy quasi-particles for the B-phase confined in thin slabs are demonstrated. The corner of slabs in the B-phase is accompanied by the unique zero-energy LDOS of corner modes. On the basis of the quantitative calculation, we propose several feasible and verifiable experiments to check the existence of the Majorana surface states, such as the measurement of specific heat, edge current, and anisotropic spin susceptibility.

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Surface Specific Heat ofHe3and Andreev Bound States

Cited by 48 publications

References 24 publications

Surface Bound States in Superfluid ³He

Surface Bound States in Superfluid ³He

Symmetry protected topological superfluid³He-B

Majorana surface states of superfluidHe3AandB

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Surface Specific Heat ofHe3and Andreev Bound States

Cited by 48 publications

References 24 publications

Surface Bound States in Superfluid 3He

Surface Bound States in Superfluid 3He

Symmetry protected topological superfluid3He-B

Majorana surface states of superfluidHe3AandB

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Product

Resources

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Surface Bound States in Superfluid ³He

Surface Bound States in Superfluid ³He

Symmetry protected topological superfluid³He-B