Surface Roughness Influence on Néel-, Crosstie, and Bloch-Type Charged Zigzag Magnetic Domain Walls in Nanostructured Fe Films

Favieres, C.; Vergara, José; Madurga, V.

doi:10.3390/ma13194249

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…The STM images of perpendicular-deposited Fe samples were already studied by us, and no surface nano-strings (nor inner nano-sheets) were observed, but rather a random distribution of grains. 17 This fact was also in agreement with our previous studies on perpendiculardeposited pure Co and Co-rich films. [38][39][40][41]…”

Section: A Structure and Morphologysupporting

confidence: 93%

High magnetic, transport, and optical uniaxial anisotropies generated by controlled directionally grown nano-sheets in Fe thin films

Favieres

Vergara

Madurga

2023

Journal of Applied Physics

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Fe films with thicknesses between 17 and 95 nm were grown with a nano-sheet morphology, which enabled their high uniaxial magnetic, transport, and optical in-plane anisotropies. The top edge of the nano-sheets was directly visualized as nano-string-like structures of approximately 12.5–14 nm width and 100–300 nm length. The hysteresis loops showed a clear easy direction of magnetization in the longitudinal direction of the nano-sheets, whereas the hard direction loops were anhysteretic, with no remanence and zero coercive field. The anisotropy field exhibited values between 70 and 111 kA/m depending on the thickness of the films, with the maximum value corresponding to a 34 nm thick sample. The resistance of the films was also found to be highly anisotropic. The ratio ( R⊥– R||)/ R|| was ≈86%, with R|| and R⊥ being the resistances in the parallel and perpendicular directions of the nano-sheets, respectively. Likewise, the reflectivity of the samples behaved anisotropically; the ratio ( IReflmax– IReflmin)/ IReflmax of the intensity of reflected light by the films reached up to 61% for 34 nm thick samples, achieving the maximum value, IReflmax, when the plane of the incident light coincided with the direction of the nano-sheets and the minimum, IReflmin, when this plane was perpendicular to the direction of the nano-sheets. The origin of these anisotropic behaviors was established. These anisotropic films with high magnetization and high uniaxial anisotropies at the nanoscale can be useful for microelectronics applications, for devices such as magnetic sensors and transducers, or for ultrahigh frequency inductors.

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Section: A Structure and Morphologysupporting

confidence: 93%

High magnetic, transport, and optical uniaxial anisotropies generated by controlled directionally grown nano-sheets in Fe thin films

Favieres

Vergara

Madurga

2023

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…5 Zig-zag charged domain walls similar to those considered here are known to appear in magnetic thin films on scales of micrometers and larger. [33][34][35][36] Some of the triangles show features similar smoke-like features as those described here. The compensating electric charge used in the electrostatic considerations performed here is analogous to the notion of the magnetic charge due to orientation of the magnetization out of the plane of the film.…”

Section: E Experimental Contextsupporting

confidence: 72%

Zig-zag charged domain walls in ferroelectric PbTiO$_3$

Márton¹,

Gonçalves²,

Paściak³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We report a theoretical investigation of a charged 180 • domain wall in ferroelectric PbTiO3, compensated by randomly distributed immobile charge defects. For this we utilize atomistic shellmodel simulations and continuous phase-field simulations in the framework of the Ginzburg-Landau-Devonshire model. We predict that domain walls form a zig-zag pattern and we discuss its properties in a broad interval of compensation-region widths, ranging from a couple to over a hundred nanometers.

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“…The relentless quest for the miniaturization of electronic devices, as well as the search for methods of manufacturing that allow high performance, leads to the requirement of a comprehensive understanding of thin film growth at the atomic scale. − In magnetic films, for example, the growth process and surface roughness are relevant aspects that determine properties such as anisotropy, coercivity, magnetization reversal mechanisms, and domain wall structure. − This scenario motivates the present study of the structural properties of thin iron films electrodeposited on Si(100) substrates, combined with the modeling of their growth kinetics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Nucleation and Unstable Roughening in Fe Layers Electrodeposited on Si

Benetti,

Alves,

Zoldan

et al. 2023

Crystal Growth & Design

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Thin iron films are interesting for fundamental studies and have applications in sensors, actuators, magnetic memory, and spintronic devices. Here, the electrodeposition of thin iron films on Si(100) is investigated with microscopy techniques and a modeling approach. Atomic force microscopy images of films with thicknesses from 6 to 180 nm show initial island growth, and after the formation of a continuous film, a decrease in the lateral correlation length is associated with a decrease in the width of surface undulations. In thicknesses above 100 nm, a rapid increase in the roughness suggests the onset of unstable growth. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of 180 nm thick films reveal the secondary nucleation of Fe grains, a feature that was not previously observed in electrodeposited Fe films. These results are interpreted in light of simulations of an electrodeposition model that accounts for the interplay of diffusive cation flux in the electrolyte and surface relaxation of adsorbed Fe atoms. In the thickest simulated films, the unstable growth is controlled by the diffusive flux, and the simulated samples have surface cliffs that resemble those of TEM images. The model suggests that the sharp decrease in the correlation length of the Fe films must be related to some transition in the surface dynamics, consistent with the observed secondary nucleation. These results may help the control of Fe film morphology in future studies.

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Surface Roughness Influence on Néel-, Crosstie, and Bloch-Type Charged Zigzag Magnetic Domain Walls in Nanostructured Fe Films

Cited by 9 publications

References 68 publications

High magnetic, transport, and optical uniaxial anisotropies generated by controlled directionally grown nano-sheets in Fe thin films

High magnetic, transport, and optical uniaxial anisotropies generated by controlled directionally grown nano-sheets in Fe thin films

Zig-zag charged domain walls in ferroelectric PbTiO$_3$

Secondary Nucleation and Unstable Roughening in Fe Layers Electrodeposited on Si

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