Surface roughness and the sensitivity of D-shaped optical fibre sensors

Qazi, Hummad Habib; Memon, Sanober Farheen; Ali, Muhammad Mahmood; Shamim, Tariq; Ehsan, Siddique Akhtar; Salim, Mohd Rashidi; Mohammad, Abu Bakar; Zulkifli, Mohd Zamani; Idrees, Muhammad

doi:10.1080/09500340.2019.1610521

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Although polishing methods yield a flat substrate surface, they introduce surface roughness. The roughness degree of the polished surface directly depends on the grit size of the abrasive paper [24]. Within this context, the Au layer on the polished fibers is rougher than that deposited on glass substrates because the fiber substrate is inherently rougher than glass substrates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of thickness and roughness on plasmonic characteristics of gold thin films deposited on polished optical fiber

Sukma,

Hanif,

Masruroh

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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The thickness and roughness of metal layers substantially affect the performance of surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based sensors. The deposition methods, control parameters, and substrate characteristics influence the layer thickness and roughness. This study investigates the SPR characteristics of a polished optical fiber surface coated with gold (Au) metal of different thicknesses. The Au layer is deposited via the thermal evaporation method, and its thickness is varied by controlling the deposition time (3–6 minutes). A proportionality relationship between thickness and deposition time is observed. Island-shaped structures in gold (Au) morphology are formed due to low adhesion to the substrate. The shape of this island creates gaps in the layer, causing scattering. In addition, the roughness on the gold surface triggers the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) phenomenon. As a result, the measured dielectric characteristics differ from the reference. The SPR curve calculation simulation was carried out based on reference optical parameters and measurement results by an ellipsometer, which were then compared with experiments. The obtained results show that the substrate roughness, morphology, and thickness of the Au layer play an essential role in determining the characteristics of the SPR curve in a fiber optic plasmonic sensor. As a result, in basic experiments, the sample with an Au thickness of 27.37 nm (deposition time = 3 min) shows better characteristics (half-maximum full width, minimum transmittance, and resonance wavelength) compared with the sample with an Au thickness of 53.97 nm (deposition time = 4 min), Although 53.97 nm is the optimal thickness from the simulation using reference optical parameters (smooth substrate surface and smooth gold layer).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of thickness and roughness on plasmonic characteristics of gold thin films deposited on polished optical fiber

Sukma,

Hanif,

Masruroh

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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“…Where ΔIN is the variation in the normalized intensity and Δn indicates the material's fluctuating refractive index [14]. Table 2 displays the calculated sensitivity using eq.…”

Section: Sensitivity Analyses and Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 99%

D-shape Optical Fiber Development and Enhancement as a Refractive Indices Sensor Using Surface Plasmon Resonance

Hiba Kh. Abbas*,

Zainab F. Mahdi

2023

IJL

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This article showcases the development and utilization of a side-polished fiber optic sensor that can identify altered refractive index levels within a glucose solution through the investigation of the surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) effect. The aim was to enhance efficiency by means of the placement of a 50 nm-thick layer of gold at the D-shape fiber sensing area. The detector was fabricated by utilizing a silica optical fiber (SOF), which underwent a cladding stripping process that resulted in three distinct lengths, followed by a polishing method to remove a portion of the fiber diameter and produce a cross-sectional D-shape. During experimentation with glucose solution, the side-polished fiber optic sensor revealed an adept detection sensitivity of 0.2015 au. /RIU. In order to improve sensitivity, a recent sensor was subjected to a coating process utilizing a thin film layer of gold (Au) measuring a thickness of 50 nm. The sensor was subsequently subjected to a series of tests utilizing the same glucose solutions as in previous experiments. A notable enhancement in sensitivity was observed when utilizing gold as the sensing material, with an equivalent maximum sensitivity of 3.101 au. /RIU.

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“…A D-sector on an PCF can be fabricated with optical fiber polishing system [25,26], and the D-type PCF also can be produced by using a CO 2 laser or femtosecond laser machining, the cycloolefin copolymer cladding can easily be stripped with a desired dimension to expose the fiber core by CO 2 laser machining [27]. The MF can be selectively infiltrated inside the PCFBG air hole with the help of vacuum pressure [28].…”

Section: Parameters Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and Magnetism Sensitivity of D-type Fiber Grating Filled with Magnetic Fluid in THz Band

Liu¹,

Han²,

Zhang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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A terahertz band temperature and magnetic field sensor based on a magneto-fluid-filled D-type microstructure grating is designed. The high sensitivity measurement of temperature and magnetic field is realized by optimizing the structure. The highest temperature sensitivity is 233.88 pm/°C, and the highest magnetic field sensitivity is up to 214.802 pm/mT. When the overall structure size of the sensor was changed by ±0.1 %, the maximal absolute deviation of temperature or magnetic field sensor are 0.018 pm/℃ and 0.03 pm/Oe. At the same time, the dual-parameter demodulation matrix is used to effectively overcome the crosstalk problem.

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Surface roughness and the sensitivity of D-shaped optical fibre sensors

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of thickness and roughness on plasmonic characteristics of gold thin films deposited on polished optical fiber

Effects of thickness and roughness on plasmonic characteristics of gold thin films deposited on polished optical fiber

D-shape Optical Fiber Development and Enhancement as a Refractive Indices Sensor Using Surface Plasmon Resonance

Temperature and Magnetism Sensitivity of D-type Fiber Grating Filled with Magnetic Fluid in THz Band

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