Surface roughening of Nafion membranes using different route planning for IPMCs

Abstract

In this paper, three different roughening route planning methods (free coarsening, vertical coarsening, circling coarsening) were designed to pre-treat the basement membrane. The platinum IPMC was prepared by electroless plating to observe their surface morphology and test their performances such as output displacement and blocking force. The results show that the platinum electrode of the vertical coarsening route planning of IPMC is distributed in the shape of fish scales and is the most compact and regular on the surface electrode. The thickness of the platinum electrode layer is about 13 μm, the maximum output displacement is 54.89 mm, the blocking force of 15.46 mN, and the maximum strain energy density of the IPMC of 2.44 KJ/m 3. Vertical coarsening route planning can significantly improve the electrodynamic properties of IPMC, and it is recommended that the surface roughening of IPMC be utilized in the research and application of IPMC. It lays a certain experimental foundation for the performance improvement and innovation research and development of IPMC in the subsequent stage.

A Review of Recent Advances in Electrically Driven Polymer‐Based Flexible Actuators: Smart Materials, Structures, and Their Applications

“…Meanwhile, perfluorinated polymers, such as sulfonated (Nafion), perfluorosulfonic acid (Aciplex), or carboxylated (Felmion) polymer membranes, are generally employed for ionic polymer electrolyte membranes owing to their high proton conductivity and thermochemical stability, and these materials are well reviewed in the literature. [96] Their typical power density is around 2.44 kJ kg −1 [98] and the range of blocking force is a few mN [23,95] and the energy efficiency is 2-3%. [99] However, these conventional perfluorinated-based IPMC actuators have some drawbacks, including high material cost, poor environmental safety, low blocking force, and drying during the actuation.…”

“…Among them, the current works are more focusing on the increment of the design diversity because a shape-morphing property is becoming key performance index in terms of their applications. To increase the design diversity of bilayer ETAs, it is necessary to develop a more systematic design process and corresponding fabrication method, whereas most of previous studies were conducted with the uncontrollable fabrication process such as 2.44 kJ m −3 [98] 2.5-3% [99] N [143,144] 1-2% [144] ≈1 s * ≈19. spray coating [114] and inkjet printing.…”

Bioinspired Anisotropic Microstructures toward Multimodal Deformations of Low‐Voltage‐Driven Ionic Actuators

“…Various polishing methods have been proposed to enhance the performance of IPMCs in previous researches and it was also presented in this work. [28][29][30] More importantly, the polishing was oriented and the arrangement of stripes was designed for giving direction to the motion of IPMCs. The customized microstructure makes the actuator produce 3D deformations and generate different modes of motion based on the anisotropic distribution of the stripes at the simultaneous time.…”

Computer Vision System: Measuring Displacement and Bending Angle of Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites

“…Measuring the displacement of IPMCs entails looking at the tip-to-tip displacement of the composite under various voltage loadings, usually from 1 V to 10 V. Two methods of measuring displacement are generally found in literature: measurement using a camera or using a laser displacement sensor [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Some studies combine both methods, interchanging them depending on how large the displacement and bending angle is [17].…”

“…or using a laser displacement sensor [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Some studies combine both method changing them depending on how large the displacement and bending angle is [1 The setup using a laser displacement sensor is relatively simple, with the sen putting displaced values as the voltage is varied.…”