Surface properties of cellulose modified by imidazolidinone

Abstract

The influence of the modification of cellulose fibres by the imidazolidinone derivative 1,3-dimethyl-4,5-dihydroxyethylene urea (DMeD-HEU) on fibre surface free energy and electrochemical potential was studied. The presence of DMeDHEU in the cellulose structure was confirmed by infrared spectral analysis. The surface free energy of untreated and treated cellulose fibres was determined from the results of thin-layer wicking, where the rate of liquid penetration into the cellulose fabric was measured. Using the van Oss-Chaudhury-Good theoretical approach, apolar, c S LW , polar electron-acceptor, c S + , and electron-donor, c S À , components of the surface free energy were calculated. The electrokinetic potential was determined from the results of steaming potential measurements. The results revealed that the incorporation of DMeDHEU into the cellulose structure lead to a decrease in the value of c S À , whereas the values of c S LW and c S + remained almost unchanged. Despite their decreased c S À value, the treated cellulose fibres still represent a monopolar solid with a strongly expressed electron-donor component. The values of DG iw and DG iwi suggested that both untreated and treated cellulose samples could be considered hydrophilic substrates. The results of the electrokinetic potential measurements showed that the consumption of cellulose hydroxyl groups in the crosslinking reaction with DMeDHEU did not decrease the electrokinetic properties of the cellulose surface.

Nanostructured superhydrophobic lyocell fabrics with asymmetric moisture absorbency: Moisture managing properties

“…This can be explained by the hydrophilic nature of cellulose, accessibility of the amorphous region, and the space between the micro fibrils. 17,18

Figure 1.Water condensation behavior for over 25 minutes observed by an environmental scanning electron microscope: (top) untreated and (bottom) superhydrophobic treated lyocell.

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Plasma Induced Hydrophilic Cellulose Wound Dressing

“…The lowest values were obtained by ethylene glycol. The [71], and 80 o for a desized and alkaline scoured cotton samples [72]. In addition, modified Washburn equation as applied procedure for porous samples leads to overestimated contact angle values compared to those measured directly on smooth surfaces of the same solid, if such surface can be obtained at all [69,73].…”

From Raw to Finished Cotton—Characterization by Interface Phenomena

“…These phenomena occur at the solid-liquid interface, such as textile material and water solutions. Interface phenomena signifi cantly depend on the solid surface free energy and surface electrokinetic properties in water solutions, such as zeta potential (ZP) and a specifi c amount of surface charge [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. At the interface of electrically charged textile fi bers and an aqueous solution of electrolyte, surfactants or dyes, an electric double layer is set up, inducing the electrokinetic potential (ZP).…”

“…Changing the number of functional fi ber surface groups, for example, by blocking in dyeing and fi nishing processes, and their dissociation affect the distribution of the surface charge, surface free energy, and the thickness and distribution of the electric double layer, resulting in different fabric interface phenomena [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. When a drop of liquid is set on a solid surface, it creates a contact angle.…”