Surface-polaritonic phase singularities and multimode polaritonic frequency combs via dark rogue-wave excitation in hybrid plasmonic waveguide

Abstract

Material characteristics and input-field specifics limit controllability of nonlinear electromagneticfield interactions. As these nonlinear interactions could be exploited to create strongly localized bright and dark waves, such as nonlinear surface polaritons, ameliorating this limitation is important. We present our approach to amelioration, which is based on a surface-polaritonic waveguide reconfiguration that enables excitation, propagation and coherent control of coupled dark rogue waves having orthogonal polarizations. Our control mechanism is achieved by finely tuning laser-field intensities and their respective detuning at the interface between the atomic medium and the metamaterial layer. In particular, we utilize controllable electromagnetically induced transparency windows commensurate with surface-polaritonic polarization-modulation instability to create symmetric and asymmetric polaritonic frequency combs associated with dark localized waves. Our method takes advantage of an atomic self-defocusing nonlinearity and dark rogue-wave propagation to obtain a sufficient condition for generating phase singularities. Underpinning this method is our theory which incorporates dissipation and dispersion due to the atomic medium being coupled to nonlinear surface-polaritonic waves. Consequently, our waveguide configuration acts as a bimodal polaritonic frequency-comb generator and high-speed phase rotator, thereby opening prospects for phase singularities in nanophotonic and quantum communication devices.field [18]. In the past few decades, experimental and theoretical investigations(for an intuitive explanation of dealing with plasmonic loss for waveguide application, see [19]) report stable propagation of linear and nonlinear SPWs employing ultra-low loss metallic-type layers such as single-crystal [20] and mono-crystal [21] metallic film, structured Fano metamaterials [22], semiconductor metamaterials [23] and superconducting metamaterials [24]. These investigations reveal that plasmonic excitation and stable propagation need minimal metallic nanostructure roughness [25]. Therefore, polaritonic frequency combs, and generally space-time control of nonlinear SPWs, are unfortunately challenging due to material limitations and driving field characteristics [26-28].Propagation of an optical pulse in nonlinear media leads to the appearance of strongly localized bright and dark waves such as soliton [29], rogue waves and breathers in nearly conservative systems [30]. Bright rogue waves and breathers are highly localized nonlinear solitary waves with oscillatory amplitudes [31,32]. These waves are valuable for their applications to phase and intensity modulation schemes [33,34], as well as the formation of bound states and molecule-like behavior [35]. More generally, dissipative rogue waves and breathers [36] have potential applications to nonlinear systems such as mode-locked lasers [37] and frequencycomb generators [38]. By contrast, dark rogue waves were only observed during multimode polarized light propagation ...

Coherent amplification and inversion less lasing of surface plasmon polaritons in a negative index metamaterial with a resonant atomic medium

“…Surface-plasmon polariton lasers and amplifiers 1,2 , also known as microscopic/nanoscopic sources of light are important for providing and modulating linear and nonlinear interactions within subwavelength scales 3,4 . These nanophotonic elements are valuable in designing quantum-and nonlinear-photonic technologies such as an SPP frequency-comb generator 5 phase rotors 6 and quantum information processors 7,8 . Recent material technologies for fabricating nanoplasmonic configurations 9,10 provide opportunities to exploit SPP lasing and amplifying [11][12][13] in a wide range of applications such as in biology 14 and quantum generator 15 .…”

“…We establish that this plasmonic system generates coherent SPP amplification without the need for population inversion. These driving and signal fields have Rabi frequencies d and s , respectively, that are tightly confined to the interface by transversely evanescence coupling functions ζ d (z) and ζ s (z) 6,29 , through � m := ζ m (z)� m ; m ∈ {d, s} and we take into account the plasmonic evanescence coupling by employing field averaging technique (i.e. �ζ(z)� l � � → � l…”

Storage, Splitting, and Routing of Optical Peregrine Solitons in a Coherent Atomic System

“…Among various rogue waves, optical rogue waves have received much attention due to their interesting properties and promising applications [10,11,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][52][53][54]. However, the creation of the optical rogue waves is not an easy task in conventional optical media (such as optical fibers and waveguides).…”

Synthetic plasmonic lattice formation through invariant frequency comb excitation in graphene structures

“…In previous investigations, these lattices are considered as photonic structures with negligible dissipation and dispersion, whose internal degree of light acts as a synthetic dimension. The interface between a nonlinear medium and a low-loss metallic-like layer is also a photonic waveguide that transports surface-plasmon polaritons (SPPs) instead of light and these plasmonic modes also possess the internal degree of freedom such as frequency combs [15][16][17]. Consequently, natural questions that may arise are whether we can propose an SL for plasmonic nanostructures, and what would be the practical application of this synthetic plasmonic lattice (SPL)?…”