Surface Plasmon Resonances in Sierpinski-Like Photonic Crystal Fibers: Polarization Filters and Sensing Applications

Abstract

We investigate the plasmonic behavior of a fractal photonic crystal fiber, with Sierpinski-like circular cross-section, and its potential applications for refractive index sensing and multiband polarization filters. Numerical results were obtained using the finite element method through the commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics®. A set of 34 surface plasmon resonances was identified in the wavelength range from λ=630 nm to λ=1700 nm. Subsets of close resonances were noted as a consequence of similar symmetries of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) modes. Polarization filtering capabilities are numerically shown in the telecommunication windows from the O-band to the L-band. In the case of refractive index sensing, we used the wavelength interrogation method in the wavelength range from λ=670 nm to λ=790 nm, where the system exhibited a sensitivity of S(λ)=1951.43 nm/RIU (refractive index unit). Due to the broadband capabilities of our concept, we expect that it will be useful to develop future ultra-wide band optical communication infrastructures, which are urgent to meet the ever-increasing demand for bandwidth-hungry devices.

Controllable Excitation of Surface Plasmon Polaritons in Graphene‐Based Semiconductor Quantum Dot Waveguides

“…Such a combination of ordered nanostructures with an external modulation of their physical characteristics [36] (provided, for example, by an electric voltage) allows extending the ways to control the localization of light at the nanoscale. Similar approaches are already extensively used in plasmonics and nanophotonics to create bright light sources, [37] dense coding of information, [38] and velocity light control. [39] Such systems can also include modern topological lasers based on the combination of a pair of resonant structures with considerably different geometries and different scales, which leads to the creation of high concentrations of optical energy.…”

Controllable Excitation of Surface Plasmon Polaritons in Graphene-Based Semiconductor Quantum Dot Waveguides

“…Such a combination of ordered nanostructures with an external modulation of their physical characteristics [32] (provided, for example, by an electric voltage) allows extending the ways to control the localization of light at the nanoscale. Similar approaches are already extensively used in plasmonics and nanophotonics to create bright light sources [33], dense coding of information [34], and velocity light control [35]. Such systems can also include modern topological lasers based on the combination of a pair of resonant structures with considerably different geometries and different scales, which leads to the creation of high concentrations of optical energy [36,37].…”

Optimizing Evanescent Efficiency of Chalcogenide Tapered Fiber

“…To date, various types of fiber sensors based on evanescent wave have been proposed, among which chalcogenide fiber possess unique advantages for its wide transmission window which covers the mid-infrared molecular fingerprint. In recent years, researchers from University of Rennes 1 [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], Ningbo University [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ], Zhejiang University [ 10 , 11 ], and other institutions [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ] have carried out extensive research on the mid-infrared evanescent wave absorption sensing technology, which proves that this technique can realize the real-time in situ qualitative and quantitative analysis of a variety of organic compounds. Dai et al developed a gas sensor based on a four-hole suspended core As 2 S 3 optical fiber, the sensitivity of which is less than 100 ppm for methane, and response time is estimated to be less than 20 s [ 8 ].…”

“…How to improve the sensitivity of the fiber sensor has always been a research hotspot. The plasmonic-based fibers have high sensitivity in the visible region by using the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect of coating nanoparticles [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. However, the SPR effect is not suitable for improving the sensitivity of infrared fibers.…”