Surface Plasmon Resonance: Applications in Understanding Receptor–Ligand Interaction

Abstract

During last decade there has been significant progress in the development of analytical techniques for evaluation of receptor-ligand interaction. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based optical biosensors are now being used extensively to define the kinetics of wide variety of macromolecular interactions and high- and low-affinity small molecule interactions. The experimental design data analysis methods are evolving along with widespread applications in ligand fishing, microbiology, virology, host-pathogen interaction, epitope mapping, and protein-, cell-, membrane-, nucleic acid-protein interactions. SPR-based biosensors have strong impact on basic and applied research significantly. This brief review describes the SPR technology and few of its applications in relation to receptor-ligand interaction that has brought significant change in the methodology, analysis, interpretation, and application of the SPR technology.

Methanobactin transport machinery

“…Size-exclusion chromatography suggests that the purified protein exists in multiple oligomeric states. Binding of Ms. trichosporium OB3b CuMbn to MbnT was assessed using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) (42). SPR is a detergent-free means to characterize ligand binding that has been used previously to characterize TBDTs (43).…”

Stoichiometry of Signalling Complexes in Immune Cells: Regulation by the Numbers

“…Projection of light at a certain angle, called "critical angle" (itself dependent on the proportion of the two refractive indices), or at larger angles, results in the entirety of the light to be reflected, a phenomenon called total internal reflection. Even though photons are reflected at the interface between the two media, the reflected photons create an electric field reaching about one wavelength beyond the inter-medium boundary (Pattnaik, 2005). This field, called evanescent wave, allows photons reaching the metal surface at a certain angle to excite surface plasmons at the opposite side of the metal sheet ( Fig.…”

“…This field, called evanescent wave, allows photons reaching the metal surface at a certain angle to excite surface plasmons at the opposite side of the metal sheet ( Fig. 2) (Pattnaik, 2005). Exciting photons are absorbed by the electrons of the metal film, leading to a detectable reduction in reflected light (Fig.…”

“…By plotting the intensity of reflected light as a function of incidence angle and finding the angle at which light reflection is minimal, it is possible to find the angle of maximal surface plasmon induction. Comparison of the difference between angles of maximal surface plasmon induction before and after protein adsorption allows the calculation of the difference in refractive index of the medium, from which the mass of the protein adsorbate is easily calculable (due to the high identity between the reflective indices of all proteins) (Pattnaik, 2005).…”

SPR sensor signal amplification based on dye-doped polymer particles

“…SPR sensors are widely used for analyzing interactions of biological molecules and supramolecules, such as DNA-DNA interactions and antigen-antibody interactions [1][2][3][4][5].…”