Surface Orientation and Friction of Graphite, Graphitic Carbon and Non-Graphitic Carbon

Midgley, J. W.; Teer, D.G.

doi:10.1038/189735a0

Cited by 29 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…one can expect the friction of graphene/graphite material to change of up to three orders of magnitudes by changing the orientation of graphite crystallites. This is confirmed by the huge friction anisotropy measured experimentally for different surface orientations of graphite [93], and by the increase of friction recorded during atomic friction measurements when scanning across graphene edges [39][40][41]94]. It is well know that humidity has a key role in enabling the lubricating capability of graphitic materials.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Monitoring water and oxygen splitting at graphene edges and folds: Insights into the lubricity of graphitic materials

Restuccia

Ferrario

Righi

2020

Carbon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Monitoring water and oxygen splitting at graphene edges and folds: Insights into the lubricity of graphitic materials

Restuccia

Ferrario

Righi

2020

Carbon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…[20] However, it is difficult to obtain ideal lamellar sliding interface at macroscale, because the contact area is so large and the orientation of macroscale materials are disordered during the macroscale fiction process. 2D materials, owing to their unique thin-paper structure, can form highly ordered lamellar structure on sliding interface during friction process, [21,22] which inspires us that the 2D materials could be suitable candidates for acquiring ordered structure on micro-asperities. Nevertheless, the self-orientation process of 2D materials during friction process is highly subject to friction conditions, such as the environment atmosphere, which has interaction with the defects and edges of 2D materials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Robust Macroscale Superlubricity on Engineering Steel Substrate

et al. 2020

Advanced Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“Structural superlubricity” is an important fundamental phenomenon in modern tribology that is expected to greatly diminish friction in mechanical engineering, but now is limited to achieve only at nanoscale and microscale in experiment. A novel principle for broadening the structural superlubricating state based on numberless micro‐contact into macroscale superlubricity is demonstrated. The topography of micro‐asperities on engineering steel substrates is elaborately constructed to divide the macroscale surface contact into microscale point contacts. Then at each contact point, special measures such as pre‐running‐in period and coating heterogeneous covalent/ionic or ionic/ionic nanocomposite of 2D materials are devised to manipulate the interfacial ordered layer‐by‐layer state, weak chemical interaction, and incommensurate configuration, thereby satisfying the prerequisites responsible for structural superlubricity. Finally, the robust superlubricating states on engineering steel–steel macroscale contact pairs are achieved with significantly reduced friction coefficient in 10−3 magnitude, extra‐long antiwear life (more than 1.0 × 106 laps), and good universality to wide range of materials and loads, which can be of significance for the industrialization of “structural superlubricity.”

show abstract

“…Graphite has long been recognized to be an effective dry lubricant, but its lowfriction behavior was not well understood until W. Bragg first discovered its lamellar structure by x-ray diffraction in 1928, 1 whence began the long debate on this subject. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Figure 1 shows the highly anisotropic, layered crystalline structure of graphite, which has strong bonding within the basal planes but weak bonding between these planes as evidenced by the large spacing between them. Bragg attributed the slipperiness of graphite to the shearing of these weakly bonded basal planes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of low-friction behavior in graphite investigated by surface x-ray diffraction

Yen

Schwickert

Toney

2004

Applied Physics Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Contrary to popular belief, the slipperiness of graphite is not an intrinsic property. The presence of vapors, such as water, is required for graphite to lubricate; in vacuum or dry environments, the friction and wear rate of graphite are high. A widely accepted explanation involves weakening of the binding force between basal planes near the surface, thereby allowing these planes to shear easily. This weakening results from proposed chemisorption or intercalation of vapor molecules near the surface, leading to an increase in the interlayer spacing between nearsurface basal planes. Here we use X-ray diffraction from a synchrotron source to show that the basal plane spacing at the surface is the same in vacuum, ambient air, or water vapor saturated air. These results refute this long-held view that the low friction behavior of graphite is due to shearing of weakened basal planes.

show abstract

Surface Orientation and Friction of Graphite, Graphitic Carbon and Non-Graphitic Carbon

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

Monitoring water and oxygen splitting at graphene edges and folds: Insights into the lubricity of graphitic materials

Monitoring water and oxygen splitting at graphene edges and folds: Insights into the lubricity of graphitic materials

Toward Robust Macroscale Superlubricity on Engineering Steel Substrate

Origin of low-friction behavior in graphite investigated by surface x-ray diffraction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About