Surface nanogrooving of carbon microtubes

Abstract

Extrusion processing of carbon tubes can be problematic due to their poor interfacial interactions with polymeric matrices. Surface chemical modification of carbon tubes can be utilized to create bonding sites to form networks with polymer chains. However, chemical reactions resulting in intermolecular primary bonding limit processability of extrudate, since they cause unstable rheological behaviour, and thus decrease the stock holding time, which is determinative in extrusion. This study presents a method for the synthesis of carbon microtubes with physically modified surface area to improve the filler and matrix interfacial interactions. The key concept is the formation of a nanogrooved topography, through acoustic cavitation on the surface of processing fibres. The effect of nanogrooving on roughness parameters is described, along with the role of surface modified carbon tubes on rheological behaviour, homogeneity, and coherency of extrudate. The measurements showed that nanogrooving increases the surface area of carbon microtubes, as a result, die swelling of the extrudate is reduced. Furthermore, after solidification, the mechanical strength of composite is reinforced due to stronger interactions between nanogrooved carbon tubes and polymer matrix.

On the Investigation of Microstructured Charcoal as an ANFO Blasting Enhancer

“…On the other hand, the occurrence of D-band at 1342 cm −1 corresponded to the disordered or sp 3 -like carbon atoms [27][28][29][30][31], and was rather intense, broad, and asymmetric. Our Raman results are compatible with those reported by Hurtado et al [27], Zhu et al [32], Gentoiu et al [33], and Nasri-Nasrabadi et al [34], regarding systems containing micro/nano structured carbon. More specifically, Zhu et al [32] synthesized carbon nanostructures on Ni-plated commercial hard metal YG6 (WC-6 wt% Co) using a simple ethanol diffusion flame technique.…”

“…Carbon tubes obtained by this method can be helpful when producing composite solutions of high rheological stability that allows for the omission of time requirements during the extrusion procedure. Our Raman results are compatible with those reported by Hurtado et al [27], Zhu et al [32], Gentoiu et al [33], and Nasri-Nasrabadi et al [34], regarding systems containing micro/nano structured carbon. More specifically, Zhu et al [32] synthesized carbon nanostructures on Ni-plated commercial hard metal YG6 (WC-6 wt% Co) using a simple ethanol diffusion flame technique.…”

“…Rising temperature resulted in the transformation of amorphous carbon into graphite with simultaneous production of carbon nanowalls, which took place at temperatures higher than 500 • C. The obtained carbon nanomaterials were characterized by a desirable quality of thickness, H:C ratio, and degree of graphitization. Finally, Nasri-Nasrabadi et al [34] prepared a nanogrooved surface carbon microtube over polymeric matrices using the sonochemical technique. It was indicated that nanogrooving led to an increase of the cohesion between carbon microtubes and polymer matrix via the formation of bonding sites followed by the generation of networks with polymer chains.…”