Surface morphology of crystalline antimony islands on graphite at room temperature

Kushvaha, S. S.; Yan, Zhijun; Xiao, Weiping; Wang, Xuesen

doi:10.1088/0953-8984/18/13/010

Cited by 8 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…2͑a͒ and 2͑c͔͒ with a periodicity of ͑0.41Ϯ 0.04͒ nm that matches well with the lattice constant of hexagonal antimony ͑0.43 nm͒. 40,41 In contrast, no regular stick-slip pattern was found for any of the smaller round islands, which are expected to be amorphous. 38 In order to determine the lattice orientation of the substrate we also carried out similar high-resolution FFM imaging directly on the graphite surface, where regular stick-slip behavior was found as well ͓Figs.…”

Section: A Nanoparticle Preparation and Sample Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 60%

Frictional duality of metallic nanoparticles: Influence of particle morphology, orientation, and air exposure

et al. 2010

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The contact area dependence of the interfacial friction experienced during the translation of antimony nanoparticles deposited on a graphite substrate is studied under different conditions using the tip of an atomic force microscope as a manipulation tool. In vacuum a dual behavior of the friction-area curves is found, characterized by the observation that some particles exhibit friction below the detection limit while other similarly sized particles showed constant shear stress values. Detailed investigations prove the reproducibility of this effect, revealing that neither the particle's morphology nor their alignment relative to the substrate lattice influence the findings. In contrast, we observe that a temporary exposure to ambient air can lead to a drastic increase in the particle's friction.

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Section: A Nanoparticle Preparation and Sample Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 60%

Frictional duality of metallic nanoparticles: Influence of particle morphology, orientation, and air exposure

et al. 2010

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“…simple cubic, body-centered-cubic, facecentered-cubic and hexagonally-close-packed Sb. [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] Most of these phases are related via small atomic rearrangements, 31,[54][55][56] and some even have been suggested to show thickness dependent phase transitions in nanostructures. 31 This polymorphicity calls for close control over Sb's structure in any potential synthesis scenario for the various desired application fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolving few-layer antimonene/graphene heterostructures

et al. 2021

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Two-dimensional (2D) antimony (Sb, “antimonene”) is of interest in electronics and batteries. Sb however exhibits a large allotropic structural diversity, which is also influenced by its support. Thus, Sb heterostructure formation is key in 2D Sb integration. Particularly, 2D Sb/graphene interfaces are important. We thus study here few-layered 2D Sb/graphene heterostructures with atomic resolution (scanning) transmission electron microscopy. We find two Sb morphologies to coexist: first, a 2D morphology of layered β-Sb with β-Sb(001)||graphene(001) texture. Second, one-dimensional Sb nanowires which can be matched to β-Sb[2-21]⊥graphene(001) and are closely related to cubic Sb(001)||graphene(001). Importantly, both Sb morphologies show rotational van-der-Waals epitaxy with graphene. Both are resilient against oxidation, although superficial Sb-oxide formation merits consideration, including epitaxial Sb2O3(111)/β-Sb(001) heterostructures. Exact Sb growth behavior depends on processing and substrate properties including, notably, the support underneath the graphene. Our work elucidates the rich phase and epitaxy landscape in 2D Sb and 2D Sb/graphene heterostructures.

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“…For example, attempts at isolating yellow antimony on a graphite surface resulted in the growth of a complex selection of extended nanostructures around defect sites. 70 The amounts of pnictogen oxides were found to vary substantially from sample to sample. dissolved in ethanol, the internal filling is passivated independently of the oxides; in this case, the phosphorus oxides can be removed almost quantitatively.…”

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confidence: 98%

One-Dimensional Pnictogen Allotropes inside Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

et al. 2019

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The discovery of phosphorene, a single layer of black phosphorus, has accelerated the investigation of pnictogen nanomaterials, leading to the recent identification of arsenene and antimonene. These two-dimensional nanomaterials display physical properties superior to graphene for some applications. Recently, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been filled with P4 molecules from the melt and As4 molecules from the vapor phase. Confined within SWCNTs, polymerization reactions yielded new one-dimensional pnictogen allotropes. Here, we show using high-resolution electron microscopy that such nanostructures can also be observed upon filling SWCNTs from the vapor phase using red phosphorus as the source material. Using larger diameter SWCNTs, the vapor phase favors the formation of double-stranded phosphorus zigzag ladders observed here for the first time. Overall, however, SWCNTs were generally found to fill more efficiently with liquid phosphorus; substantial decreases in the filling yields were observed for both phosphorus and arsenic filling of narrow SWCNTs using the vapor route. Attempts to extend the pnitogen series, using molten antimony gave very low filling yields. However, the antimony zigzag ladder was observed on two occasions suggesting that this structural motif dominates across the pnictogens. Computational predictions of the encapsulation energies of the various pnictogen nanostructures are consistent with the observed experimental trends and band gap calculations predict that the single-stranded zigzag chains of all investigated pnictogens are fully metallic. Using SWCNTs with diameters greater than 1.5 nm displayed a plethora of complex new phosphorus nanostructures which highlights an exciting new avenue for future work in this area.

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Surface morphology of crystalline antimony islands on graphite at room temperature

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Frictional duality of metallic nanoparticles: Influence of particle morphology, orientation, and air exposure

Frictional duality of metallic nanoparticles: Influence of particle morphology, orientation, and air exposure

Resolving few-layer antimonene/graphene heterostructures

One-Dimensional Pnictogen Allotropes inside Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

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