Surface Morphology, Compressive Behavior, and Energy Absorption of Graded Triply Periodic Minimal Surface 316L Steel Cellular Structures Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Ravichander, Bharath Bhushan; Jagdale, Shweta; Kumar, Golden

doi:10.3390/ma15238294

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…TMPS are geometries that repeat themselves in three dimensions with zero mean curvatures and large surface areas (Ma et al, 2020). In (Ravichander et al, 2022), the TPMS structures in 316L steel manufactured using LPBF (Laser Powder Bed Fusion) were tested in compression. They highlighted how the Nevious structure is the best in absorbing energy up to strain equal to 50 %.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy absorption of PLA (Polylactic Acid) - based metamaterials manufactured by material extrusion: dynamic loads and shape recovery

Pia,

Annamaria,

Barletta

2023

Preprint

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An investigation of the behaviour of solid cell structures made of Polylactic Acid (PLA) by material extrusion was conducted. The studied structures are Strut-Based, TPMS (Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces) and Spinodal. To evaluate the performance of the different structures, impact tests were carried out. Through failure tests, the structures were divided into three macro-categories according to their capacity to absorb the impact energy: low, medium and high. Subsequently, the samples that showed a lower deformation for each macro-category were selected for a second step. In the second step, cyclic loads of the deformation by impact were applied to the samples. Immediately after, the deformed samples were submitted to shape recovery by dipping them in a thermostatic bath at a temperature (70°C) higher than the glass transition of the PLA. Based on the experimental evidence, the most performing geometries were the TPMS, both for high and medium impact energies, exhibiting few internal defects. Conversely, the Spinodal structures exhibited good behaviour at low impact energies, but they were less suitable for cyclic tests due to their geometric features. The "Strut-based" structures, despite having the same density as the TPMS, were not suitable for cyclic tests due to their overall poor mechanical strength.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy absorption of PLA (Polylactic Acid) - based metamaterials manufactured by material extrusion: dynamic loads and shape recovery

Pia,

Annamaria,

Barletta

2023

Preprint

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“…Yang et al [ 14 ] conducted an analysis of the structure performance of NiTi alloy TPMS structures, and obtained the influence law of volume fraction and cell size on the compressive performance of NiTi alloy TPMS structures. Ravichander et al [ 15 ] produced five types of TPMS structures: Gyroid, Diamond, Schwarz-P, Neovius, and Fisher-Koch S, using 316L materials, and analyzed their surface morphology, compressive performance, and energy absorption features, demonstrating that excellent stiffness and energy absorption capabilities can be obtained by hierarchical lattice structures. Zhang et al [ 16 ] produced Schoen Gyroid surface structures of the TiB/Ti6Al4V system, finding that mechanical properties can be controlled by changing the ratio of TiB and Ti6Al4V.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superior Mechanical Properties of Invar36 Alloy Lattices Structures Manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Peng

Zhou

et al. 2023

Materials

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Invar36 alloy is a low expansion alloy, and the triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) structures have excellent lightweight, high energy absorption capacity and superior thermal and acoustic insulation properties. It is, however, difficult to manufacture by traditional processing methods. Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) as a metal additive manufacturing technology, is extremely advantageous for forming complex lattice structures. In this study, five different TPMS cell structures, Gyroid (G), Diamond (D), Schwarz-P (P), Lidinoid (L), and Neovius (N) with Invar36 alloy as the material, were prepared using the LPBF process. The deformation behavior, mechanical properties, and energy absorption efficiency of these structures under different load directions were studied, and the effects and mechanisms of structure design, wall thickness, and load direction were further investigated. The results show that except for the P cell structure, which collapsed layer by layer, the other four TPMS cell structures all exhibited uniform plastic collapse. The G and D cell structures had excellent mechanical properties, and the energy absorption efficiency could reach more than 80%. In addition, it was found that the wall thickness could adjust the apparent density, relative platform stress, relative stiffness, energy absorption, energy absorption efficiency, and deformation behavior of the structure. Printed TPMS cell structures have better mechanical properties in the horizontal direction due to intrinsic printing process and structural design.

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Multifunctional Design of Triply Periodic Minimal Surface Structures for Temporary Pediatric Fixation Devices

Ebrahimzadeh Dehaghani,

Javanbakht,

Barzan

et al. 2024

Adv Eng Mater

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Fracture fixation and limb deformity correction in paediatric orthopaedics often use temporary metallic fixation devices. These devices’ higher stiffness compared to cortical bone leads to stress shielding, causing significant bone density reduction, periprosthetic loosening, and bone growth interference. 3D‐printed triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures present a promising engineering solution to match bone stiffness while ensuring reliable implant strength. This study employs finite element modelling and experimental testing to identify optimal multi‐functional TPMS‐based lattices that meet the required design constraints of (1) stiffness in the range of cortical bone, (2) strength in the range of cortical bone, (3) minimum osteointegration to facilitate the implant removal after healing, and (4) manufacturability with limited defect sensitivity. Six different types of Ti‐6Al‐4V material TPMS structures manufactured via Laser Powder Bed Fusion were evaluated for their ability to target the lower and upper bounds of paediatric cortical bone stiffness. Lattices based on the Primitive unit cell design were superior, demonstrating the highest strength/stiffness ratio, best manufacturability, and potentially reduced osteointegration due to larger pore size, smaller surface area, and lowest negative Gaussian curvature compared to other investigated TPMS types.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Surface Morphology, Compressive Behavior, and Energy Absorption of Graded Triply Periodic Minimal Surface 316L Steel Cellular Structures Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

Energy absorption of PLA (Polylactic Acid) - based metamaterials manufactured by material extrusion: dynamic loads and shape recovery

Energy absorption of PLA (Polylactic Acid) - based metamaterials manufactured by material extrusion: dynamic loads and shape recovery

Superior Mechanical Properties of Invar36 Alloy Lattices Structures Manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Multifunctional Design of Triply Periodic Minimal Surface Structures for Temporary Pediatric Fixation Devices

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