Surface Modification of ZnO with Sn(IV)-Porphyrin for Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Amaranth Dye

Abstract

Two hybrid composite photocatalysts, denoted as SnP/AA@ZnO and SnP@ZnO, were fabricated by a reaction of trans-dihydroxo[5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-pyridyl)porphyrinato]tin(IV) (SnP) and ZnO with and without pretreatment of adipic acid (AA), respectively. In SnP@ZnO, SnP and ZnO are likely held together by a coordinative interaction between the pyridyl N atoms of SnP and the Zn atoms on the surface of ZnO. In the case of SnP/AA@ZnO, the SnP centers were robustly coupled with ZnO nanoparticles through the AA anchors. SnP/AA@ZnO exhibited largely enhanced photocatalytic activities for the degradation of anionic amaranth (AM) dye under a visible light irradiation, compared to SnP, ZnO, and SnP@ZnO. The degradation efficiency of AM by SnP/AA@ZnO was 95% within 60 min at a rate constant of 0.048 min−1. The remarkable photocatalytic oxidation performance of SnP/AA@ZnO was mainly attributed to the synergistic effect between SnP and ZnO. This study is valuable for the development of highly effective composite photocatalytic systems in advanced oxidation processes and is of importance for the treatment of wastewater containing dyes.

β-Ga2O3 nanostructures for photocatalytic degradation of red amaranth toxic dye

“…In addition, the comparison of the results obtained in this work for photodegradation of RA toxic dye with photodegradation caused by ZnO [32,33] and CuO [34] shows that the β-Ga 2 O 3 is more efficient photocatalyst.…”

“…To the best of our knowledge there is no information reported in the literature for the photodegradation of red amaranth toxic dye using β-Ga 2 O 3 . However, degradation of RA toxic dye has been reported using ZnO [32,33] and CuO [34].…”

Porphyrin-Based Nanomaterials for the Photocatalytic Remediation of Wastewater: Recent Advances and Perspectives

“…The reaction of ZnO with trans-dihydroxo [5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-pyridyl)porphyrinato]tin(IV) (SnPy) led to the formation of photocatalyst 5. Photocatalyst 6 was prepared via the reaction of ZnO nanoparticles with pretreated adipic acid (AA) [97]. In the case of photocatalyst 5, ZnO and SnPy were probably connected by a coordinative interaction between the Zn atom of the ZnO surface and the pyridyl-N atom of SnPy.…”

Sn(IV)porphyrin-Incorporated TiO2 Nanotubes for Visible Light-Active Photocatalysis

“…Porphyrinoids, including free porphyrin or metalloporphyrins, are proving to be promising photosensitizers due to their high light-harvesting ability in regions of the Soret band (400-470 nm) and Q bands (500-700 nm). Additionally, their inherent aromatic electronic features, substantial flexibility in molecular framework, and rigid structural framework render them notably compelling as photosensitizers, distinguishing them from other optoelectronic materials [25][26][27][28]. In particular, porphyrin-sensitized TiO 2 hybrid materials have been proven to amplify the interfacial charge transfer, decrease electron-hole recombination rates, and improve photocatalytic performance via heterojunction interfaces [29][30][31][32][33][34].…”