Surface modification of YBa2Cu3O<i>y</i> thin films with a scanning tunneling microscope

We report the results of a cryogenic study of the modification of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ surface electronic properties with the probe of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). A negative voltage applied to the sample during STM tunneling is found to modify locally the conductance of the native degraded surface layer. When the degraded layer is removed by etching, the effect disappears. An additional surface effect is identified using Scanning Kelvin Probe Microscopy in combination with STM. We observe reversible surface charging for both etched and unetched samples, indicating the presence of a defect layer even on a surface never exposed to air.

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The Effect of Hypercapnia and Hypercapnia Associated with Central Cooling on Breathing in Unanesthetized Fetal Lambs

Kuipers¹,

Maertzdorf²,

Jong³

et al. 1997

Pediatr Res

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In utero breathing activity is present periodically, but it must become continuous at birth. We investigated the effect of hypercapnia and of hypercapnia combined with central cooling on fetal breathing in seven chronically instrumented fetal lambs of 131-134-d gestation, using an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system to control fetal blood gases and fetal temperature. During fetal hypercapnia (from a partial pressure of arterial CO2 (Paco2) 6.18 +/- 0.11 kPa to Paco2 7.39 +/- 0.15 kPa) frequency, amplitude, and incidence of fetal breathing movements during low voltage electrocortical activity (LV ECoG) increased significantly compared with isocapnic control on ECMO, but breathing remained absent during high voltage electrocortical activity (HV ECoG). During hypercapnia accompanied by central cooling (Paco2 7.90 +/- 0.13 kPa, temperature decreased by 2.1 degrees C) there were similar changes in fetal breathing movements during LV ECoG, but in four out of seven fetuses fetal breathing movements continued throughout HV ECoG. Hypercapnia accompanied by central cooling can thus override the inhibitory effects of HV ECoG on fetal breathing movements. This may be due to changes in sensitivity to CO2 produced by an increase in afferent input to the CNS.

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Surface modification of YBa2Cu3Oy thin films with a scanning tunneling microscope

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Surface structures and energy gap of YBa2Cu3Oy/PrBa2Cu3Oy superlattices and YBa2Cu3Oy thin films probed with a scanning tunneling microscope and a scanning force microscope

Surface structures and energy gap of YBa2Cu3Oy/PrBa2Cu3Oy superlattices and YBa2Cu3Oy thin films probed with a scanning tunneling microscope and a scanning force microscope

Modifying the surface electronic properties of YBa₂Cu₃O₇with cryogenic scanning probe microscopy

The Effect of Hypercapnia and Hypercapnia Associated with Central Cooling on Breathing in Unanesthetized Fetal Lambs

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Surface modification of YBa2Cu3Oy thin films with a scanning tunneling microscope

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Surface structures and energy gap of YBa2Cu3Oy/PrBa2Cu3Oy superlattices and YBa2Cu3Oy thin films probed with a scanning tunneling microscope and a scanning force microscope

Surface structures and energy gap of YBa2Cu3Oy/PrBa2Cu3Oy superlattices and YBa2Cu3Oy thin films probed with a scanning tunneling microscope and a scanning force microscope

Modifying the surface electronic properties of YBa2Cu3O7 with cryogenic scanning probe microscopy

The Effect of Hypercapnia and Hypercapnia Associated with Central Cooling on Breathing in Unanesthetized Fetal Lambs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Modifying the surface electronic properties of YBa₂Cu₃O₇with cryogenic scanning probe microscopy